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Spacelia is a space research and exploration website, it's provides you a space knowledge and informative facts about space POSTS The Messier Objects Unlock the mysteries of the Messier Catalog! Our blog series unveils the fascinating deep-sky objects any astronomy enthusiast can observe. Start Now The Unique Galaxies Unveil the wonders of the cosmos! Our blog series dives into unique galaxies, exploring their shapes, formation, and the secrets they hold. Start Now MAP OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM VIEW MAP SPACE RESEARCH PROGRAM RESEARCH MISSIONS List of all the Space Mission. Read More Blogs READ OUR WRITINGS No posts published in this language yet Once posts are published, you’ll see them here. Blogs Category CATEGORIES OF WHAT BLOGS ARE FROM EXOPLANET MISSION BINARY SYSTEM Articles Read More Read More Read More Read More PHOTO ALBUM GALLERY GALLERY Publication GALLERY NEWS Members Invite SPACELIA Join us on mobile! Download the Spaces by Wix app and join “SPACELIA” to easily stay updated on the go. Send Country +972 Phone number Contact Us Subscribe Form Join Thanks for subscribing!

Explore Black Hole BLACK HOLE A black hole is a region in space where the gravitational pull is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape from it. They are formed when massive stars collapse under their own gravity at the end of their life cycle. Black holes can vary in size, from small ones, called stellar black holes, to supermassive black holes that reside at the centers of galaxies. Despite their mysterious nature, scientists study black holes to understand the laws of physics and the universe's evolution. intriguing properties continue to captivate researchers and space enthusiasts alike. Sagittarius A Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*) is a supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way galaxy. It's located in the constellation Sagittarius, more than 25,000 light years from Earth. Messier 87 The Messier 87 (M87) galaxy, located 55 million light-years away, contains a supermassive black hole, M87*, which was the first ever imaged, showing a bright ring surrounding a dark central region, and is also known for its powerful jet of plasma. Cygnus X-1 Cygnus X-1 is a well-known black hole X-ray binary system, discovered in 1964, and is considered the first object identified as containing a black hole. It's located in the constellation Cygnus, about 7,000 light-years from Earth. V404 Cygni V404 Cygni is a black hole system located about 8,000 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus, recently discovered to be part of a rare triple star system, containing a black hole, a companion star, and a distant tertiary star. TON 618 TON 618 is a hyperluminous, broad-absorption-line, radio-loud quasar powered by a supermassive black hole, estimated to be 66 billion times the mass of our Sun, located about 18.2 billion light-years away. Abell 1201 Astronomers discovered an ultramassive black hole, roughly 32.7 billion times the mass of our Sun, in the center of Abell 1201 BCG, a massive elliptical galaxy within the galaxy cluster Abell 1201, using gravitational lensing.

MISSIONS List of all the Space Mission. 1957: Sputnik 1 (Soviet Union First artificial satellite to orbit Earth, marking the beginning of the space age. It transmitted radio signals, allowing scientists to study atmospheric drag. Read More 1957: Sputnik 2 (Soviet Union) Carried Laika, the first living creature in space, proving that living beings could survive spaceflight. However, Laika died due to overheating. Read More 1958: Explorer 1 (USA) First American satellite, which discovered the Van Allen radiation belts. It provided crucial data on Earth's magnetosphere. Read More 1961: Vostok 1 (Soviet Union) First human spaceflight with cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, who orbited Earth once. The mission proved that humans could survive space travel. Read More 1961: Mercury-Redstone 3 (USA) First American manned spaceflight, piloted by Alan Shepard. The suborbital flight lasted 15 minutes, demonstrating controlled human spaceflight. Read More 1966: Luna 9 (Soviet Union) First spacecraft to achieve a soft landing on the Moon. It transmitted panoramic images of the lunar surface. Read More 1969: Apollo 11 (USA) First successful human landing on the Moon with Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin. Armstrong’s famous words: "That's one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind." Read More 1971: Mars 3 (Soviet Union) First spacecraft to land on Mars, but lost communication after 14.5 seconds. It sent the first-ever image from the Martian surface. Read More 1973: Skylab (USA) First American space station, used for scientific experiments in microgravity. It hosted three crewed missions before deorbiting in 1979. Read More 1975: Aryabhata (India) India's first satellite, designed for experiments in X-ray astronomy and solar physics. It established India's capabilities in satellite technology. Read More 1977: Voyager 1 & 2 (USA) Twin space probes launched to explore the outer Solar System and interstellar space. They provided detailed images of Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Read More 1981: STS-1 Columbia (USA) First space shuttle mission, testing reusable spacecraft technology. Columbia successfully launched and landed after a two-day mission. Read More 1986: Mir (Soviet Union) First modular space station, serving as a long-term research facility. It operated for 15 years before deorbiting in 2001. Read More 1990: Hubble Space Telescope (USA/ESA) Space-based observatory providing deep-space images in visible and ultraviolet light. It revolutionized our understanding of the cosmos. Read More 1998: International Space Station (ISS) (International) Largest man-made structure in orbit, used for scientific research and space experiments. Continually inhabited since 2000 by international astronauts. Read More 2003: Mars Express (ESA) First European mission to Mars, studying the planet’s surface and atmosphere. It confirmed the presence of subsurface water ice. Read More 2003: Chandrayaan-1 (India) First Indian lunar probe, which discovered water molecules on the Moon. It significantly contributed to global lunar exploration. Read More 2004: Spirit & Opportunity (USA) Twin Mars rovers designed for a 90-day mission, but they operated for years. They provided key insights into Mars' water history. Read More 2011: Juno (USA) Spacecraft sent to study Jupiter’s atmosphere, magnetic field, and auroras. It revealed details about the planet’s deep structure. Read More 2013: Mars Orbiter Mission (India) First Indian interplanetary mission, successfully reaching Mars on its first attempt. India became the first Asian nation to achieve this feat. Read More 2014: Rosetta (ESA) First spacecraft to orbit and land a probe (Philae) on a comet. It provided valuable data on comet composition and evolution. Read More 2018: Parker Solar Probe (USA) First spacecraft to "touch" the Sun, studying the solar corona. It aims to unlock the mystery of the Sun’s atmosphere. Read More 2019: Chang'e 4 (China) First mission to land on the Moon’s far side. It carried a biological experiment and a rover to explore the surface. Read More 2021: Perseverance (USA) NASA's most advanced Mars rover, searching for signs of past microbial life. It also carried the Ingenuity helicopter, which performed the first powered flight on Mars. Read More 2021: James Webb Space Telescope (USA/ESA/Canada) Advanced space telescope designed for infrared observations. It can look back to the earliest galaxies formed after the Big Bang. Read More 2023: Chandrayaan-3 (India) India’s successful soft landing on the Moon’s south pole, carrying a rover for exploration. This mission strengthened India’s lunar capabilities. Read More 2023: Luna 25 (Russia) Intended as Russia's first lunar lander since the 1970s, Luna 25 aimed to explore the Moon's south pole but unfortunately crashed during its descent. Read More 2024: Aditya - L1 (India) Aditya-L1 is India's first solar mission that orbits the Sun-Earth L1 Lagrange point.The spacecraft is equipped with scientific payloads that study the Sun's atmosphere and explosive activity. Read More 2023: SLIM (Japan) The Smart Lander for Investigating Moon (SLIM) is Japan's mission to demonstrate precise lunar landing techniques, carrying small rovers for surface exploration. Read More 2023: Psyche (USA) NASA's mission to study the metal-rich asteroid 16 Psyche, aiming to understand planetary core formation by orbiting and analyzing the asteroid. Read More 2024: Peregrine Mission One (USA) Astrobotic's lunar lander mission aimed to deliver scientific instruments and small rovers to the Moon's surface; however, the landing was unsuccessful. Read More 2024: IM-1 Nova-C Odysseus (USA) Intuitive Machines' lunar lander mission aimed to deliver payloads to the Moon's surface, including the EagleCam deployable camera, to demonstrate lunar landing capabilities. Read More 2024: Queqiao-2 (China) China launched the Queqiao-2 relay satellite to support upcoming lunar missions, ensuring communication between Earth and the Moon's far side. Read More 2024: Chang'e 6 (China) China's mission to return samples from the Moon's far side, including contributions from international partners like Pakistan's ICUBE-Q cubesat. Read More 2024: Europa Clipper (USA) NASA's mission to conduct detailed reconnaissance of Jupiter's moon Europa, investigating its potential habitability and subsurface ocean. Read More 2025: Blue Ghost M1 (USA) Firefly Aerospace's lunar lander mission to deliver NASA and commercial payloads to the Moon's surface, supporting scientific research and technology demonstrations. Read More 2025: Hakuto-R Mission 2 (Japan) ispace's second lunar mission aiming to deliver the Tenacious rover to the Moon, enhancing commercial lunar exploration capabilities. Read More 2025: IM-2 Athena Lander (USA) Intuitive Machines' second lunar lander mission, carrying multiple payloads, including the MAPP LV1, Micro-Nova, AstroAnt, and Yaoki rover, each developed by different organizations. Read More 2025: IM-2 Athena Lander (USA) Intuitive Machines' second lunar lander mission, carrying multiple payloads, including the MAPP LV1, Micro-Nova, AstroAnt, and Yaoki rover, each developed by different organizations. Read More 2025: Lunar Trailblazer (USA) NASA's mission to map water on the Moon's surface, providing insights into lunar hydration and supporting future exploration efforts. Read More

Research Papers Articles STAR VFTS102 We present a spectroscopic analysis of an extremely rapidly rotating late O-type star, VFTS102, observed during a spectroscopic survey of 30 Doradus. VFTS102 has a projected rotational velocity larger than 500 km s−1 and probably as large as 600 km s−1; as such it would appear to be the most rapidly rotating massive star currently identified. Its radial velocity differs by 40 km s−1 from the mean for 30 Doradus, suggesting that it is a runaway. View More Dark Energy In the late 1990s, astronomers found evidence that the expansion of the universe was not slowing down due to gravity as expected. Instead, the expansion speed was increasing. Something had to be powering this accelerating universe and, in part due to its unknown nature, this “something” was called dark energy. View More Zombie Planet Zombie planets, also known as "pulsar planets" or "planets around pulsars," are a fascinating and relatively rare astronomical phenomenon. View More The Dream Mission People must have had many dreams and those dreams would be very unique, but my dream is very unique. Today I will share with you this dream journey full of very interesting and adventures. In this dream of mine, I have done the complete mission of Mars and there are many twists in that too, which I will tell you further in this article. The article is The Dream Mission View More Creation of Mind Loop What we doing, what we experiencing, what we thinking is a creation of mind, and it's just a thoughts View More Answer of the Arecibo Message Whether real, mysterious, or fictional, these messages symbolize humanity’s deep yearning to connect with the unknown. The Arecibo Message demonstrates our technological advancements and hope for contact. The Chilbolton Message, regardless of its authenticity, underscores our fascination with the possibility of extraterrestrial communication. Meanwhile, Contact invites us to imagine the emotional and philosophical weight of finding we are not alone. View More Aditya - L1 View More Aditya - L1 View More Aditya - L1 View More Aditya - L1 View More Aditya - L1 View More

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What is Today Onward Theory?, This is a theory that will shock you, I will explain this theory today but only if you can relate to it then you will be able to understand it, I have given my strong point of view in this. Today Onward Theory What is Today Onward Theory?, This is a theory that will shock you, I will explain this theory today but only if you can relate to it then you will be able to understand it, I have given my strong point of view in this. Over View.... What is Today Onward Theory?, This is a theory that will shock you, I will explain this theory today but only if you can relate to it then you will be able to understand it, I have given my strong point of view in this. What is science?, Have we made much progress in science?, How will science be in the future?, Can we become a Type 2 civilization?, you will get the answers to these questions later, but let me say one thing that if today's From the point of view, science has not done anything, according to scientists, if we want to become a Type 2 civilization, then we still have a lot of research left to do, now you will say that we have discovered so much in space science, how much more?, let me tell you. We are not going to become great by going to space or going to the moon 2-3 times, because we do not even know how to take people out of the solar system, we have not even reached Mars, nor have we established our colony on any planet. If it has been made, then how can we say that science has progressed a lot. One step towards the future Now if you say, what do we have to do so that we can progress?, and where is science today? You will get answers, all your questions will be answered, if you have any question after reading this theory then you can tell me in the chat box below, I will answer all your questions. So what is my point of view, I will tell you, if we have shared something before, then where are we now?, right now we have definitely made a lot of progress in science but that progress is not enough, if we want to become a Type 2 civilization then there is still a lot of work to be done. The journey is still left, all the space we have traveled in comes within the solar system only, we have only taken people to the moon, and for the last many years we have not even been able to send humans again, if you look at science. It has made considerable progress in the last 100 years, but is it enough? No, if we want to reach Alpha Centauri, the system we have today, it will take thousands and millions of years, and we will never be able to reach the nearest galaxy. Then how can we say that we can become a Type 2 civilization? Now I will explain my point of view to you by listening to a story, "Once everyone was present in the king's court, then the king said to a minister that I am very happy with your work and want to give you a gift, tell me what do you want, minister. He was as intelligent as all of you, he said, King, I don't need much, just one square of Chokha in the first square of a chess board and its double in the next one, give me as many Chokha's dens as will be made in the last square, King. The king ordered to give him whatever he wanted, then a servant came and said that the king has asked for so many grains that there are not so many of them in our entire kingdom, then the king was very impressed by him, you will think how many grains would have been there which the king would have given. If I couldn't give it, then I have counted it for you all, and it comes to more than 2305843007575253120, and this is so much that its count has not been discovered till date, and this is exactly how our space science is progressing. , How progress is doubling every day, NASA has been established for only about 70 years and how many discoveries have been made in these 70 years, ISRO was also established 60 years ago and how far it has progressed, in the coming 10- Science would have advanced a lot in 20 years, just take the example of A.I. Most of the people would not even know about A.I before 2020 and it has increased in just three years. In this way our science is progressing and will continue to do so. Chat Section....

Hubble's Nebula Discoveries This is your About Page. It's a great opportunity to give a full background on who you are, what you do and what your website has to offer. Double click on the text box to start editing your content and make sure to add all the relevant details you want to share with site visitors. Beyond the solar system, Hubble has studied star formation and death in our Galaxy and nearby galaxies. As a first example, this image of the Carina Nebula was released for Hubble’s 17th anniversary. At the time (2007), it was one of the largest panoramic images ever taken with Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys. It is a 50-light-year-wide view of the central region of the Carina Nebula, where a maelstrom of star birth -- and death -- is taking place. The nebula is sculpted by the action of outflowing winds and scorching ultraviolet radiation from the monster stars that inhabit this inferno. The stars are shredding the surrounding material that is the last vestige of the giant cloud from which the stars were born. The immense nebula contains at least a dozen brilliant stars that are roughly estimated to be at least 50 to 100 times the mass of our Sun. The most unique and opulent inhabitant is the star Eta Carinae, at far left. Eta Carinae is in the final stages of its brief and eruptive lifespan, as evidenced by two billowing lobes of gas and dust that presage its upcoming explosion as a titanic supernova. The outflow in the Carina region started three million years ago when the nebula's first generation of newborn stars condensed and ignited in the middle of a huge cloud of cold molecular hydrogen. Radiation from these stars carved out an expanding bubble of hot gas. The island-like clumps of dark clouds scattered across the nebula are nodules of dust and gas that are resisting being eaten away by photoionization. The blast of stellar winds and blistering ultraviolet radiation within the cavity is now compressing the surrounding walls of cold hydrogen. This is triggering a second stage of new star formation. Carina is about 7,500 light years away (2,300 parsecs). Using Hubble’s newer cameras provides a stunning image of an old favorite. This image of the Pillars of Creation in the Eagle Nebula has twice the resolution, several times the area, and more than twenty times the pixels of the 1995 version. The image was obtained with the optical bands of the Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) in 2015. This taller image includes the gas at the bottom of the pillars being blown down and trailing away. Numerous small features indicate the pervasiveness of pillars of every size in this region. This is the first of a sequence of three images to be shown relatively rapidly. We begin the anniversary year by revisiting a legendary image: the “Pillars of Creation” in the Eagle Nebula. This image was the first Hubble image to fascinate the public, and still remains one of Hubble’s most popular images. It was obtained in 1995 with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2). Inside the gaseous towers, which are light-years long, the interstellar gas is dense enough to collapse under its own weight, forming young stars that continue to grow as they accumulate more and more mass from their surroundings. The object is 6,500 light years away (2,000 parsecs). Like the pillars in Carina, these dark clouds are being eroded by winds and radiation from hot, young stars. The stars forming within the pillars give them their “creation” nickname. Using the infrared capabilities of Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3), one can see the pillars in a whole new light. Much of the gas of the nebula is transparent to the longer wavelengths of infrared light, revealing a tremendous number of stars. The seemingly solid, visible-light pillars are shown in the infrared to be a combination of dense clouds and the shadows they cast behind them. Such high resolution visible light and infrared light comparisons point toward a bright future when Hubble and James Webb Space Telescope observations can be similarly compared and contrasted. This is the first of two images to be shown of the Horsehead Nebula. The transition should be done without too much delay to the next image. In 2001, after asking the public which object should be observed, the Hubble Heritage Project took this image of the Horsehead Nebula with the Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2). While the nebula makes for a striking silhouette, the dark cloud is short on detail in a visible light image. The small inset shows a ground-based optical image of the surrounding region. The distance to the object is about 1,200 light years (490 parsec). Using the enhanced infrared sensitivity of Wide Field Camera 3, Hubble was able to get much more detail in this 2013 infrared portrait of the Horsehead. The relatively featureless dark clouds are transformed into a glowing gaseous landscape that almost appears three-dimensional in the image. There are videos that zoom into the nebula and also show the 3D effect. This image of the Orion Nebula shows the discovery of debris disks – planetary systems in formation around newly created stars. As the gas and dust collapses under gravity, stars are born, and in the process, disks and planets often form out of the residual material. The distance to the Orion Nebula is 1,500 light years (460 parsecs). http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/1995/45/ A beautiful composite image of the Orion Nebula from both the HST ACS and the ESO MPI at La Silla is available: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2006/01/ Supplemental Movies: Orion Fly through: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2001/13/video/a/ Zoom into Orion: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2001/13/video/a/ At the heart of this star-forming region lies star cluster NGC 602. It is a cluster of newly formed stars that are blowing a cavity in the center of a star-forming region in the Small Magellanic Cloud, a companion galaxy to our own Milky Way. The high-energy radiation blazing out from the hot young stars is sculpting the inner edge of the outer portions of the nebula, slowly eroding it away and eating into the material beyond. The diffuse outer reaches of the nebula prevent the energetic outflows from streaming away from the cluster. Ridges of dust and gaseous filaments are seen surrounding the cluster. Elephant trunk-like dust pillars point towards the hot blue stars and are telltale signs of their eroding effect. It is possible to trace how the star formation started at the center of the cluster and propagated outward, with the youngest stars still forming today along the dust ridges. The Small Magellanic Cloud, in the constellation Tucana, is roughly 200,000 light-years from the Earth. Its proximity to us makes it an exceptional laboratory to perform in-depth studies of star formation processes and their evolution in an environment slightly different from our own Milky Way. This image was taken with Hubble’s Advanced Camera for Surveys. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2007/04/ X-ray from Chandra plus Hubble observations: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2013/17/image/a/ The Cat’s Eye Nebula, formally cataloged NGC 6543, was one of the first planetary nebulae to be discovered. Hubble observations show it is one of the most complex such nebulae seen in space. A planetary nebula forms when Sun-like stars gently eject their outer gaseous layers, which eventually form bright nebulae with amazing and confounding shapes. This image taken with Hubble's Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) reveals the full beauty of a bull's eye pattern of eleven or even more concentric rings, or shells, around the Cat's Eye. Each 'ring' is actually the edge of a spherical bubble seen projected onto the sky — that's why it appears bright along its outer edge. Observations suggest the star ejected its mass in a series of pulses at 1,500- year intervals. These convulsions created dust shells, each of which contains as much mass as all of the planets in our solar system combined (still only one percent of the Sun's mass). These concentric shells make a layered, onionskin structure around the dying star. The view from Hubble is like seeing an onion cut in half, where each skin layer is discernible. The Nebula is 3000 light years (1000 parsecs) away. This beautiful image was taken soon after Servicing Mission 4 as part of the release announcing Hubble’s return to science operations. This planetary nebula is the material blown off of a dying star. A disk around the center restricts the outflows into two oppositely directed lobes, creating a distinct resemblance to a butterfly. Although named the Bug Nebula, many began calling this object the Butterfly Nebula after this image was released. The Crab Nebula derived its name from its appearance in a drawing made by Irish astronomer Lord Rosse in 1844, using a 36-inch telescope. The Crab Nebula is a six-light-year-wide expanding remnant of a star's supernova explosion. Japanese and Chinese astronomers recorded this violent event nearly 1,000 years ago in 1054, as did -- almost certainly -- Native Americans. This composite image was assembled from 24 individual exposures taken with the Hubble Space Telescope’s Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 in October 1999, January 2000, and December 2000. The orange filaments are the tattered remains of the star and consist mostly of hydrogen. The rapidly spinning neutron star embedded in the center of the nebula is the dynamo powering the nebula's eerie interior bluish glow. The blue light comes from electrons whirling at nearly the speed of light around magnetic field lines from the neutron star. The neutron star, like a lighthouse, ejects twin beams of radiation that appear to pulse 30 times a second due to the neutron star's rotation. A neutron star is the crushed ultra-dense core of the exploded star. This shell, or bubble, is the result of gas that is being shocked by the expanding blast wave from a supernova. Notice its completely different appearance from the Crab Nebula in the previous slide. Called SNR 0509-67.5 (or SNR 0509 for short), the bubble is the visible remnant of a powerful stellar explosion in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), a small galaxy about 160,000 light-years from Earth. Ripples in the shell's surface may be caused by either subtle variations in the density of the ambient interstellar gas, or possibly driven from the interior by pieces of the ejecta. The bubble-shaped shroud of gas is 23 light-years across and is expanding at more than 11 million miles per hour (5,000 kilometers per second). http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2010/27/ Supplemental Movie: 3D look at SN remnant http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2010/27/video/a/

Black & White Universe How beautiful the space is right?, Yaa it is but not because beautiful colorful looking images, universe has no color in it self, universe is beautiful because we have connection with it with it's mysteries and it's vast expanse. All of you must be knowing about the beauty of the universe, how beautiful it looks, have you people gone to space and seen the universe? We only see it in images and this is the truth, right? Not actually, the universe does not look like this from space, it does not look like this, then what is the universe like? And why does it look messy in images? You will get the answers to all these questions today. NASA and other space agencies release many space images and in them space looks like this (Image 1) and it should be exactly like this only then it appears like this in the photo, the universe does not look like this at all, and no objects of the universe (galaxy, star, nebula etc.) have any color of their own, then how do the images look so messed up? Actually telescopes capture infrared rays and they are given color grading through their intensity, high intensity is blue and low is red, and after some such processing those images has become something like this (following picture), so are all these agencies cheating us? No, if the image is black & white then you will not like to see it at all and maybe you are not even that interested in it, and that is why all agencies release color graded images for public release. But space is shown to be very beautiful and peaceful! Movies are for your entertainment and not a science class, so that is why space is shown to be corporeal and beautiful in movies so that your interest remains. So is the view of space shown in Passengers movie not correct? Yes it is an animation, and in fact the view of space shown in all the movies is not correct. How stars are looking bright? There is no color, form or sound of any object in the space because that medium is not available for travelling there, so all the capturing that we do comes in black & white only, you might have this question in your mind that why do stars appear shining?, so the more the intensity of the object will be the more visible to us, like we see the sun which is very close to us and that is why it is visible, similarly the stars have their own light, the brighter the star will be, the brighter its light will be and that is why it appears shining, and this thing is applicable to other objects as well. How Galaxies are looks? Galaxy is so bright because of lots of stars and its glowing center but it doesn’t mean that it looks like this colorful. Same is the principle with galaxy, it doesn’t look so beautiful, even galaxies are not visible, you will not see any shape of galaxy in real life, because we can’t see gases through telescope, we can only see bright things in real form like stars and galaxy center, rest everything is the magic of software, so whenever you see Andromeda in image then remember that it doesn’t look like this as you can see the difference of andromeda galaxy. “The beauty isn’t means the looks everytime, sometimes it means the connection to the UNIVERSE” The universe is expanding, and that expansion stretches light traveling through space in a phenomenon known as cosmological redshift. The greater the redshift, the greater the distance the light has traveled. Within the Hubble Deep Field-North region, astronomers pinpointed a blaze of light from one of the farthest supernovas ever seen. In a close-up view of that region (left) a white arrow points to a faint elliptical, the home of the exploding SN 1997ff. The supernova itself (right) is distinguished by the white dot in the center. This diagram reveals changes in the rate of expansion since the universe's birth 15 billion years ago. The more shallow the curve, the faster the rate of expansion. The curve changes noticeably about 7.5 billion years ago, when objects in the universe began flying apart as a faster rate. Astronomers theorize that the faster expansion rate is due to a mysterious, dark force that is pulling galaxies apart. This image is a portion of the GOODS-North field. The field features approximately 15,000 galaxies, about 12,000 of which are forming stars. Hubble’s ultraviolet vision opened a new window on the evolving universe, tracking the birth of stars over the last 11 billion years back to the cosmos’ busiest star-forming period about 3 billion years after the big bang. Spiral galaxy NGC 3021 (background) was one of several hosts of Type Ia supernovae observed by astronomers to refine the measure of the universe's expansion rate, called the Hubble constant. Hubble made precise measurements of Cepheid variable stars in the galaxy, highlighted by green circles in the inset boxes. Other Articles...... Zombie Planets Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Creation of Mind Loop STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-186f Proxima Centauri b TRAPPIST-1

Zombie Planets Zombie planets, also known as "pulsar planets" or "planets around pulsars," are a fascinating and relatively rare astronomical phenomenon Zombie Planets Zombie planets, also known as "pulsar planets" or "planets around pulsars," are a fascinating and relatively rare astronomical phenomenon. Here's a more detailed description and some interesting facts about zombie planets: Description: Zombie planets are exoplanets that survive the catastrophic death of their parent stars and continue to exist in orbit around a highly dense remnant called a pulsar. Pulsars are rapidly rotating neutron stars formed after massive stars undergo a supernova explosion. These pulsars emit intense beams of radiation from their poles, resembling lighthouse beams, due to their rapid rotation. If a planet is close enough to the pulsar but outside its destructive beam, it can potentially survive as a "zombie planet." Facts: Host Star Demise: Zombie planets are the remnants of planetary systems that were once part of a massive star. When the star runs out of nuclear fuel, it undergoes a supernova, releasing an enormous amount of energy, and leaving behind a collapsed core—a neutron star or pulsar. Extreme Conditions: Zombie planets are exposed to harsh conditions. They are incredibly cold and dark since they no longer receive any energy from their deceased parent star. Instead, they rely on the faint radiation and residual heat from the pulsar. Radioactive Environment: Pulsars emit powerful radiation, including X-rays and gamma rays, due to their rapid rotation and intense magnetic fields. Zombie planets within the pulsar's vicinity experience extreme radiation, making them inhospitable to life as we know it. Detection Challenges: Detecting zombie planets is challenging due to their remote and faint nature. Astronomers have to use advanced techniques, such as pulsar timing and indirect methods, to infer the presence of these planets. Potential Habitability: While the surface of zombie planets is inhospitable, there is speculation that subsurface regions or oceans shielded from radiation might harbor conditions suitable for life to exist. Candidate PSR B1257+12: One of the first and best-studied examples of a pulsar with planets is PSR B1257+12, located about 980 light-years away in the constellation Virgo. It has three known planets. Formation Theories: Zombie planets can potentially form from debris disks or leftover material around the pulsar after the supernova event. Another possibility is the capture of planets from other star systems. Interaction with Pulsar: The presence of a planet can influence the pulsar's rotational dynamics. The planet's gravitational pull causes slight variations in the pulsar's signal, enabling scientists to indirectly detect their presence. Astrophysical Curiosities: Zombie planets are intriguing astrophysical curiosities that expand our understanding of planetary systems, stellar evolution, and the complex dynamics in extreme environments. Future Exploration: As technology and observational capabilities improve, astronomers hope to discover more zombie planets and gain insights into their properties, helping us unravel the mysteries of these captivating celestial objects. Zombie planets represent a fascinating intersection of stellar remnants and planetary systems, offering a glimpse into the resilience of planets surviving extreme events in the universe. Further research and discoveries in this field may shed more light on these mysterious worlds. Other Articles...... Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Creation of Mind Loop STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-186f Proxima Centauri b TRAPPIST-1

Map of Trappist-1 star system Trappist-1 System Heliocentric system is a fully functional detail map of our solar system with sun and all planets and natural satellites of all planets, asteroids and comets also. we designed this map as natural and graphical and easy to understand our solar system at first time. Trappist-1 b c d e f g h

Multiness of Thoughts What we doing, what we experiencing, what we thinking is a multiness of thoughts Multiness of Thoughts What we are experiencing right now, whether we have a dream or a thought represents o ur future, it means that what we think will happen to us, so always keep positive thinking. You may have seen the movie Interstellar where a man controls the fourth diamentio from the future and how our present is connected to our past, this basic concept is what I call the concept of Multiness of Thoughts. this concept is also connected with quantum theories, because this theory also say that all thigs which we see is create with our thoughts and after we see it's die immediately. An idea that forces us to think, what you are thinking now or what is happening to you is dependent on your footing, but how? What if you go ahead and get a good job, but you don't study? So you may not have sat on that achievement. Just like in the interstellar movie, your future is writing the present to you, the result of what you are doing now will be found in the future, so it is you who controls you from the future in the present. And against this, even if you connect the concept to the deje wan effect, you will get today's result, if future is actual then present, not actually, but yes it can be said that future is as equivalent as our present thoughts or our present situation right. And this universe is also a part of our concept, science su? Science is a medium to show our thoughts and our ability, so what is not like science? Not actually but science is a loop made up of our thoughts and just a thought? Is there a medium we use to present our skills? And all this is a multiplicity of ideas. It is human nature that if you think about something, then you walk in the light of that thing and your thoughts start to create that thing. So everything is just an illusion. We are a part of this universe, so whatever theories we have are the thoughts of our mind which we want to make true by any means. You must have experienced that sometimes when you go into deep thoughts, that thought seems true to you in real life too and this also happens with our dreams, then everything is fine, it is just an illusion of our thoughts and brain. This theory is the theory of multiness of thoughts. Other Articles...... Dark Energy Zombie Planets The Dream Mission Creation of Mind Loop STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-186f Proxima Centauri b TRAPPIST-1

To test this feature, visit your live site. All Posts Categories My Posts Forum Welcome! Have a look around and join the discussions. Sort by: Recent Activity Follow All Categories Create New Post Aagam sanghavi Welcome to the Forum in General Discussion Share your thoughts. Feel free to add GIFs, videos, hashtags and more to your posts and comments. Get started by commenting below. 0 comments 0 Nov 08, 2023 Like 0 comments Comment Aagam sanghavi Forum rules in General Discussion We want everyone to get the most out of this community, so we ask that you please read and follow these guidelines: • Respect each other • Keep posts relevant to the forum topic • No spamming 0 comments 0 Nov 08, 2023 Like 0 comments Comment Aagam sanghavi Introduce yourself in General Discussion We'd love to get to know you better. Take a moment to say hi to the community in the comments. 0 comments 0 Nov 08, 2023 Like 0 comments Comment Forum - Frameless

Exoplanets that are discovered by the Kepler Telescope Kepler's Exoplanets

Religious Point of View

Hubble's Planetary Discoveries This is your About Page. It's a great opportunity to give a full background on who you are, what you do and what your website has to offer. Double click on the text box to start editing your content and make sure to add all the relevant details you want to share with site visitors. Watching the weather patterns on the giant outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) has been an ongoing activity throughout Hubble’s lifetime. Jupiter's monster storm, the Great Red Spot, was once so large that three Earths would fit inside it. But new measurements by Hubble reveal that the largest storm in our solar system has downsized significantly. The Red Spot, which has been raging for at least a hundred years, is now only the width of one Earth. The storm images were taken in 1995, 2009, and 2014. The images were taken with Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (1995) and Wide Field Camera 3. The large Wide Field Camera 2 image of Jupiter was obtained in 2007, with its moon, Ganymede, just emerging from behind the planet. The semi-major axis of Jupiter's orbit about the Sun is 5.2 astronomical units (483 million miles or 778 million km). The planet has a diameter of roughly 88,789 miles (142,984 km) at the equator. This image of Europa is derived from a global surface map generated from combined NASA Voyager and Galileo space probe observations. The graphic shows the location of water vapor detected over Europa's south pole by Hubble in December 2012. The Hubble observations provide the best evidence to date of water plumes erupting off Europa's surface. Hubble didn't photograph plumes, so the plume and the illustration in the center are artist’s conceptions. However, Hubble observers used the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph to spectroscopically detect auroral emissions from oxygen and hydrogen. The aurora is powered by Jupiter's magnetic field. This is only the second moon in the solar system found ejecting water vapor from the frigid surface. Another of Jupiter’s moons, Ganymede, is also likely to have a subsurface ocean. Europa is the sixth closest Jovian moon. It is the smallest of the four Jovian satellites discovered by Galileo Galilei, but still the sixth largest moon in the Solar System. Europa was discovered by Galileo in 1610. Images taken in ultraviolet light by Hubble’s Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) show both Jupiter auroras in 1998, the oval-shaped objects in the inset photos. Ground-based telescopes cannot view these phenomena in ultraviolet light, as it is blocked by the Earth’s atmosphere. Auroras are curtains of light resulting from high-energy electrons racing along the planet's magnetic field into the upper atmosphere. The electrons excite atmospheric gases, causing them to glow. The electric-blue image of Jupiter’s northern aurora shows the main oval of the aurora, which is centered on the magnetic north pole, plus more diffuse emissions inside the polar cap. Though the aurora resembles the same phenomenon that crowns Earth's polar regions, the blue Hubble image shows unique emissions from the magnetic "footprints" of three of Jupiter's largest moons. (These points are reached by following Jupiter's magnetic field from each satellite down to the planet). Jupiter has at least 68 moons. Auroral footprints can be seen in this image from Io (along the left-hand limb), Ganymede (near the center), and Europa (just below and to the right of Ganymede's auroral footprint). These emissions, produced by electric currents generated by the satellites, flow along Jupiter's magnetic field, bouncing in and out of the upper atmosphere. They are unlike anything seen on Earth. This ultraviolet image of Jupiter was taken with the Hubble Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on November 26, 1998. In this ultraviolet view, the aurora stands out clearly, but Jupiter's cloud structure is masked by haze. Saturn’s aurora was observed with Hubble in 2005. Images were obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys in the optical and STIS in the ultraviolet. The aurora appeared in Saturn’s southern polar region for several days. Hubble snapped a series of photographs of the aurora dancing in the sky. The snapshots show that Saturn's auroras differ in character from day to day -- as they do on Earth -- moving around on some days and remaining stationary on others. But compared with Earth, where auroral storms develop in about 10 minutes and may last for a few hours, Saturn's auroral displays always appear bright and may last for several days. Recently, NASA’s New Horizons mission imaged Pluto and two of its moons, Nix and Hydra, which were discovered by Hubble in 2005. Peering out to the dim, outer reaches of our solar system beyond Pluto, Hubble uncovered three Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs) that the agency's New Horizons spacecraft could potentially visit after it flies by Pluto in July 2015. The KBOs were detected through a dedicated Hubble observing program by a New Horizons search team that was awarded telescope time for this purpose. The lower set of Pluto images shows Hubble Space Telescope data from the Advanced Camera for Surveys exhibiting an icy, mottled, dark molasses-colored world undergoing seasonal surface color and brightness changes. Pluto has become significantly redder, while its illuminated northern hemisphere is getting brighter. These changes are most likely consequences of surface ice melting on the sunlit pole and then refreezing on the other pole, as the dwarf planet heads into the next phase of its 248-year-long seasonal cycle. Analysis shows the dramatic change in color took place from 2000 to 2002. Note that Hubble found four of Pluto’s five moons – Nix, Hydra, Styx and Kerberos. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2014/47/full/ http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/solar-system/pluto/2010/06/ http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/solar-system/pluto/2012/32/ and related links http://www.nasa.gov/nh_new-horizons-spots-small-moons-orbiting-pluto/#.VPnlP2TF_b4 http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/ Other outer solar system objects: Eris is 1.27 times the mass of Pluto, and formerly the largest member of the Kuiper Belt of icy objects beyond Neptune. Hubble observations in 2006 showed that Eris is slightly physically larger than Pluto. But the mass could only be calculated by observing the orbital motion of the moon Dysnomia around Eris. Multiple images of Dysnomia's movement along its orbit were taken by Hubble and Keck. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/solar%20system/2007/24/image/c/format/web/ Also in 2002, Hubble measured a large object discovered in the outer solar system. It was the largest outer solar system object discovered since Pluto and was superseded by the observation of Eris. Approximately half the size of Pluto, the icy world is called "Quaoar" (pronounced kwa-whar). Quaoar is about 4 billion miles away, more than a billion miles farther than Pluto. Like Pluto, Quaoar dwells in the Kuiper belt, an icy belt of comet-like bodies extending 7 billion miles beyond Neptune's orbit. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2002/17/ The upper image, taken by Hubble, reveals the orbital motion of the planet Fomalhaut b. Based on these observations, astronomers calculated that the planet is in a 2,000-year-long, highly elliptical orbit around its parent star, Fomalhaut. The planet will appear to cross a vast belt of debris around the star roughly 20 years from now. If the planet's orbit lies in the same plane with the belt, icy and rocky debris in the belt could crash into the planet's atmosphere. The black circle at the center of the image is caused by a device called a coronograph, which blocks out the otherwise overwhelming light from the bright star and allows reflected light from the belt and planet to be photographed. The Hubble images were taken with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph in 2010 and 2012. Fomalhaut is 25 light years (8 parsecs) away. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2013/01/ The lower graphic demonstrates Hubble’s first detection ever of an organic molecule in the atmosphere of a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting another star. This breakthrough is an important step toward eventually identifying signs of life on a planet outside our solar system. The molecule found by Hubble is methane, which under the right circumstances can play a key role in prebiotic chemistry — the chemical reactions considered necessary to form life as we know it. The graphic shows a spectrum of methane with the configuration of the star and the planet (not to scale) in relation to Hubble. The object is 63 light years (19 parsecs) away. http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2008/11/

Existence of Multiverse Overview what is multiverse? , Does it exist in real?, and if yes then how, I will also show its proof and an experiment. In this article, you will know the secret of the multiverse and all the facts related to it and will also know whether it exists or not. 1.1 Imaginary view of multiverse Perspective.... We already know about the multiverse that this is our universe and there must be another such universe outside this universe and we have named it multiverse, but can't it be that when the Big Bang happened, different universes were created? It must have happened, it must be strange to hear but I will explain it to you very well. You must have read in Science in class 8-9 that when milk is heated, the particles below its surface get heated and come up and the cold particles from above come down and in the same way the milk gets heated, but this one feels hotter. After this, its hot molecules come up through an air bubble, which takes time and the milk gets heated quickly, so what is the relation of this to our theory?, like the milk particles get heated more and form a bubble type structure. Similarly, when the Big Bang happened, the particles were spread among the molecules, then that energy would also have taken a bubble-like form and we live in one of those bubble type structures. 1.2 Bubble type structure in milk Where is proof?..... 1.3 Experience of deja vu. By now you must have understood all the society but still there must be a question somewhere in your mind that proving the multiverse only on the medium of milk does not seem confidential. Yes, so now I will tell you some experiments and proofs, imagine that you are looking at the Taj Mahal and suddenly this thought came to you that yes, I have already seen the Taj Mahal and that too while standing at the same place, or Sometimes it may have happened that you are meeting someone for the first time and you feel that you have met them before, 94% of the people in the whole world have felt such things, this is called déjà vu effect, it means first. Some work done The thesis behind this is that when your timeline collides with your avatar, which is in another universe of the multiverse, then you feel that your other avatar has done this thing earlier and that thing is saved in your memory. It happens and when you see that thing again, you feel that you have done it before. We can compare this thing with the multiverse, and somewhere this thing may have a connection with the multiverse.

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Hubble's Star Clusters Billions of trillions of stars illuminate the galaxies of our universe. Each brilliant ball of hydrogen and helium is born within a cloud of gas and dust called a nebula. Deep within these clouds, knots can form, pulling in gas and dust until they become massive enough to collapse under their own gravitational attraction. Open Clusters Open clusters contain between a few dozen and a few thousand stars, all formed from the same initial cloud of gas and dust. The density of stars is low enough in these clusters that individual stars are visible with a telescope, or sometimes the unaided eye, giving them an “open” appearance. Most open clusters reside in the arms of spiral galaxies, and their stars are usually relatively young. Their shape is more irregular than spherical, with large amounts of gas between the stars. Over time, as these clusters rotate around a galaxy, gravitational disruptions from passing cosmic objects can cause the stars to disperse. The Milky Way is home to more than a thousand of these clusters, and even our Sun may have formed in an open cluster. Globular Clusters Embedded Clusters Globular clusters are much larger and denser than open clusters, containing several thousand to millions of stars all formed from a shared nebula. Unlike open clusters, the density of stars at their centers is so high that individual stars are hard to discern, even with powerful telescopes. Globular clusters lie on the dusty outskirts of galaxies and their stars are older than those in open clusters. In fact, globular clusters contain some of the oldest known stars in a galaxy. Because old stars tend to have a reddish glow, globular clusters generally appear redder than open clusters. The large number of stars in a relatively small area causes the shape of a globular cluster to appear spherical, as stars’ intense gravitational attraction pulls them together. These gravitational ties grant globular clusters more stability than open clusters, helping them keep their structure instead of breaking up over time. The Milky Way alone has over 150 globular clusters, and our nearest neighboring galaxy Andromeda has over 400. Embedded clusters are a precursor to open and globular clusters. As the youngest type of star cluster, they contain newly born and forming stars surrounded by cosmic gas and dust. As with open and globular clusters, all of the stars formed from the same initial nebula. Embedded clusters are likely the basic unit of star formation since a significant fraction of all stars form within them. Once star formation ends, embedded clusters resemble open clusters, but are often disrupted by passing objects due to their weaker gravitational bonds. The embedded phase typically lasts between 2-7 million years. Since embedded clusters are heavily obscured by dust, they are rarely observed in visible wavelengths of light. However, Hubble’s infrared instruments can detect the longer wavelengths of infrared light that aren’t as easily scattered by clouds of gas and dust. Hubble’s unique capabilities are essential for learning more about these young clusters.

Hubble's Deep Field The Hubble Space Telescope has made over 1.5 million observations since its launch in 1990, capturing stunning subjects such as the Eagle Nebula and producing data that has been featured in almost 18,000 scientific articles. But no image has revolutionized the way we understand the universe as much as the Hubble Deep Field . A Core Sample of the Universe The Hubble Deep Field image holds 342 separate exposures taken between December 18 and 28, 1995. The picture we see was assembled from blue, red, and infrared light. The combination of these images allows astronomers to infer the distance, age, and composition of the galaxies photographed. Bluer objects, for example, contain young stars or could be relatively close. Redder objects contain older stars or could be farther away. Most of the galaxies are so faint ― four billion times fainter than the human eye can see ― that they had never been observed before, even by the largest telescopes. “As the images have come up on our screens, we have not been able to keep from wondering if we might somehow be seeing our own origins in all of this,” Williams said at the time. “These past 10 days have been an unbelievable experience.” The “deep” in Hubble Deep Field refers to the telescope’s ability to look at some of these far, faint objects. Looking at far-away objects in space is like seeing back in time. Light moves at tremendous speed, but it still takes time to travel across the vastness of space. Even the light from our own Sun needs eight minutes and 20 seconds to reach Earth, so when we look at the Sun, we see it as it was a little more than eight minutes earlier. The farther away the object, the younger it appears in Hubble’s gaze. The Deep Field was like a core sample of space, showing galaxies at different and earlier stages of development the deeper they appeared in the image. Researchers from the State University of New York at Stony Brook analyzed the photo and chose several dozen candidates that could be more distant than any galaxies seen up to that point. They identified the galaxies based on their color, because more distant galaxies appear redder as the light reaches us. This happens because the light stretches as it travels through the universe, transforming into infrared wavelengths, which are redder. A 1998 follow-up infrared image taken with Hubble’s Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer discovered galaxies believed to be over 12 billion light-years away, even farther than those seen in the Hubble Deep Field. Hubble Deep Field South After the success of the original Hubble Deep Field, astronomers sought new ways to increase our understanding of the universe. Since it would take 900,000 years for astronomers to observe the whole sky, they knew they would have to rely on more samples like the Hubble Deep Field to infer what the entire universe looks like. The Hubble Deep Field South focused on a region in the constellation Tucana, near the south celestial pole, and doubled the number of distant galaxies available to astronomers. Williams and a team of 50 astronomers and technicians at the Institute and at Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, carried out the 10-day-long observation in October 1998. Hubble Ultra Deep Field In 2004, Hubble captured a million-second-long exposure that contained 10,000 galaxies. This new image, the Hubble Ultra Deep Field, observed the first galaxies to emerge from the “dark ages,” a time just after the Big Bang. A servicing mission in 2002 had installed a new camera, called the Advanced Camera for Surveys. That camera had twice the field of view and a higher sensitivity than WFPC2, the camera that captured the original Deep Field. The final Ultra Deep Field photo is actually combined from an ACS image and an image from Hubble’s Near-Infrared Camera and Multi-object Spectrometer. “Hubble takes us to within a stone’s throw of the Big Bang itself,” said Massimo Stiavelli, an instrument scientist for Hubble at the Space Telescope Science Institute. From ground-based telescopes, the location of the Ultra Deep Field in the constellation Fornax ― right below the constellation Orion ― looked mostly empty, much like the other Deep Field locations, allowing for more distant observations to take place. The Ultra Deep Field image contained several odd galaxies, such as one shaped like a toothpick and another shaped like a bracelet link. Such galaxies come from a more chaotic time before the development of structured galaxies like the Milky Way. Ultra Deep Field data also taught astronomers that black holes at the center of galaxies likely grew over time, that large galaxies build up gradually as others merge and collide, and that some of the earliest galaxies were much smaller than our current Milky Way. Hubble Ultra Deep Field-Infrared In 2009, Hubble captured near-infrared light wavelengths in the same region as the Ultra Deep Field, revealing galaxies formed just 600 million years after the Big Bang. The light from one object, called UDFj-39546284, traveled 13.2 billion light-years to reach Earth. It’s a compact galaxy made up of blue stars, and astronomers found that the rate of star formation grew by a factor of 10 in just over 200 million years ― that may sound like a long time to us, but it’s tiny for the universe. Hubble eXtreme Deep Field In 2012, Hubble took it to the extreme. Astronomers combined 10 years of photographs taken of a region in the center of the original Ultra Deep Field. Even with its smaller view, the eXtreme Deep Field still showed 5,500 galaxies. The faintest galaxies visible in this image are one ten-billionth of what the human eye can see, and most of the galaxies shown are from when they were young and small, often colliding and merging together. Ultra Deep Field 2012 After observations made over six weeks in August and September 2012, a team of astronomers discovered a population of seven primitive galaxies formed when the universe was just 3% of its present age. The observations supported the idea that galaxies may have provided enough energy to reheat the universe after the Big Bang. Frontier Fields NASA’s Great Observatories ― Hubble, Spitzer, and Chandra ― teamed up in 2013 for the Frontier Fields, a bold multi-year campaign to provide critical data to aid investigations of dark matter and how galaxies change over time, among others. Abell 370 is a cluster with several hundred galaxies at its core. It was one of the first clusters where astronomers observed gravitational lensing and part of the Frontier Fields project. Credits: NASA, ESA, R. Bouwens and G. Illingworth (University of California, Santa Cruz) The campaign provided 12 new deep field images, and astronomers were able to detect galaxies 100 times fainter than those they observed in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field. Focusing on high-redshift galaxies and gravitational lensing, or the natural distortion of light from massive galaxy clusters, the team worked to detect galaxies too faint to be seen by Hubble alone. Such an undertaking propelled our understanding of the universe in ways that could only be achieved with all the Great Observatories working together. The campaign ended in 2017, and now astronomers can use the dataset to continue exploring the early universe. Not only did the Hubble Deep Field change how we understand the universe, it also changed how we share findings. “This coming together of the community to generate a shared, nonproprietary dataset was essentially unprecedented but has since become the model for the majority of large astronomical projects,” wrote University of Washington astronomer Julianne Dalcanton. “This new mode of operating has democratized astronomy.” Hubble’s data was compiled for the Legacy Field, a combination of nearly 7,500 Hubble exposures. It represents 16 years of observations, 265,000 galaxies, and 13.3 billion years, making it the largest collection of galaxies documented by Hubble. The role of exploring the early universe further will fall to the James Webb Space Telescope , expected to launch in late 2021. Designed to see even farther back than Hubble because of its powerful infrared vision, Webb promises exciting observations and new discoveries. But our evolving understanding began with Hubble, and a team not afraid to explore what looked like nothing.

We are our GOD Warning : This is just a theory and a mindset, it has no relation with any religion, we do not promote any religion or caste, we are from the side of science and just look at it as a perspective, and do not connect it with religion. Overview...... We are our own God, it does not mean that we are God, so do not consider yourself a God, in this we have shown a view of how we control ourselves, if you guys have seen the movie Interstellar then you must have seen it in this. I am the character who is controlling it, i.e. manipulating it, in short we can say that we are our God. In this theory, I will also give you answers to many mysteries of the world, like the mystery of the Egyptian pyramids, the mystery of repeatedly seeing UFOs in the sky, and will also try to answer all these miracles, this theory is related to our space. Will answer all the questions. , but this is also an attitude of the mind. Our Perspective...... So let's start our journey, before that Batadu, we are not saying this against any religion, or we are not taking fever of any religion, we are just explaining the science, so please do not let it get into any religious controversy. Add So the first question you might be asking is how? How can this happen? You must have seen the movie Interstellar, in which it is shown that I am the character, he is the one who is contacting me, sending me messages, he is controlling me in short, so I am also in the same perspective. I want to understand but not on the claim of any movie but on my own strong claim. It is possible that our technology becomes so advanced that we become Type 5 or Type 7 civilization, and as you all know how advanced Type 5 civilization is and we also saw it in the movie Interstellar. So, by complementing time, we can make time a physical dimension as well, right, then with the same physical power we can also control our past and this is absolutely possible. Although it will definitely happen, it is possible that the one whom we are calling God is ourselves or God is a Type 7 Civilization, according to the future, we are controlling ourselves from the future itself to reach that future. I know it is very difficult to understand this concept easily but this concept can change the world, we cannot prove it, hence we can only show it in the form of a thesis or theory. But this theory can also become a strong side, I will make this theory a little easy and interesting so that you can understand it easily. So imagine that you are also a part of that Type 7 civilization and you can also control your own time dimension, then what will you do, obviously you will think only good for yourself and do good things for yourself, then only that. I want to make you understand that we are controlling ourselves. We have heard one more thing that if we think positive then we will be positive, and you must have heard another thing that whatever happens happens only for the good, so don't you think these things connect with my theory, you have seen people doing nothing before God. You might have asked for it and maybe many people might have got it, if I talk about myself, I have got it all. Have you heard about the Law of Attraction?, what it says is that you should be positive, keep positivity in your arms, ask for what you want from your heart, this universe will absorb that positivity and give you whatever you want, and surprisingly this concept also If you relate to this theory of mine, then can this theory become special which will give answers to all the questions related to our space and it is also related to all the concepts, what do you have to say, please tell me in the chat section. Now we come to our mysteries, what are these aliens? Who is this? So imagine, if we become type 7 civilization then we will be able to manipulate the time dimension also, then with this we will be able to go to the past and perhaps this UFO can be our space vehicle with the help of which we can travel in time. And these images of aliens are not aliens but advanced civilizations that are helping us, and after some time they may come to meet us through UFOs. Now this is the mystery of the pyramids of Giza in which we have not been able to find out yet how these pyramids were built, how they brought 500 kg of rocks at that time, and the biggest mystery of this is its direction and perfection, so can we say this? It is possible that we may have helped them in creating those pyramids, may be they needed us then and we have come to help them? If this happens, then this theory can also become the theory of everything by making some changes, Now coming to the miracle, what is it, we have never explained miracle properly in the language of science before, but I would like to explain something to you from this theory, do you remember the anomalies of gravitational and time that happened in the movie Interstellar? In the same way, we can consider miracles as an anomaly, I would not like to say this with complete confidence but I am just making my point, I am not saying that religion is wrong or anything else, I am just saying this in the language of science. I am defining miracle, this miracle can also be a message sent by our advanced civilization, for me it is absolutely possible, if we connect all these strange incidents that are happening then it will be perfect. Hey, there are some gap holes in this theory of mind, but it can answer most of the mysteries, it is possible that advanced civilization wants to contact us or it can be something to say or give a message. What do you have to say about this? we are still working on this theory and we are expanding it further, till then you read it, think and ask us questions in the chat box below. You will say that I am not able to understand anything well, no problem, I understand with an example. Everyone must be using a mobile phone, suppose you are currently using an Android phone and a new phone comes in the market, iPhone and it is many times better than your Android, then what will you do? Leave Android and buy iPhone, and they will give Android and put your SIM card in iPhone, right? If you relate our theory to this example, you will understand everything. We are Android inside which is the SIM card i.e. our soul. Then we die, someone changes the phone and puts our soul in another body. Now that Android phone is a body without a soul which we burn or bury. And all this is controlled by civilizations much more advanced than us. To understand this theory, we will have to imagine the era of Type 7 civilization and think like them. We will keep adding the remaining data to this theory. Chat Section If you have any question ask me here.... Other Articles...... Theories Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Creation of Mind Loop Today Onward Theory Parallel World Travel STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-452b Proxima Centauri b TRAPPIST-1

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Worm Hole Let's begin the curvature of worm hole What is a worm hole?, how are worm holes formed?, and what is the function of a worm hole?, I will tell you all this in this article today, so first let's talk about what a worm hole is, how these worm holes are made and How it works, so worm hole connects two different places in space, just like a bridge, so that we can cover long distances in a short time, as you see in the image below, worm hole space. It bends like this and we can show it as a circle and a circle is a sphere in 3D, so the worm hole is also like a sphere. By traveling in this, you can bridge the distance between two places in a very short time, but a big question is that how are worm holes formed? We have heard about black holes that they are formed after supernova, but worm holes are We do not know how they are formed, worm holes are not a natural phenomenon, we have to create them artificially. But till date we have not succeeded in creating such a big worm hole, we have definitely done this test on a very small level but it is not enough for a human being, so only some advanced civilization can do this in the future. You are controlling us and they can create a worm hole just like the interstellar movie.

Solar System Interesting facts and information about object of our solar system. SUN Star at the Center: The Sun is a star located at the center of our solar system. It is an enormous, nearly spherical ball of hot plasma that generates energy through nuclear fusion. Source of Light and Heat: The Sun radiates immense amounts of light and heat, which provide energy for life on Earth and drive weather patterns, ocean currents, and the climate system. Composition and Size: The Sun is primarily composed of hydrogen (about 74% of its mass) and helium (about 24%). It has a diameter of about 1.4 million kilometers (870,000 miles), making it approximately 109 times the diameter of Earth. MERCURY Closest Planet to the Sun: Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun in our solar system. It orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 57.9 million kilometers (35.98 million miles). Small and Rocky: Mercury is the smallest planet in our solar system, with a diameter of about 4,879 kilometers (3,032 miles). It is a rocky planet, similar to Earth's Moon, with a surface covered in craters, cliffs, and plains. Extreme Temperatures: Due to its proximity to the Sun, Mercury experiences extreme temperature variations. The side facing the Sun can reach scorching temperatures of around 430 degrees Celsius (800 degrees Fahrenheit), while the side facing away from the Sun can plummet to freezing temperatures of about -180 degrees Celsius (-290 degrees Fahrenheit). VENUS Earth's "Twin" Planet: Venus is often referred to as Earth's "twin" because it is similar in size and composition. It is the second planet from the Sun and is the closest planet to Earth. Harsh Atmosphere: Venus has a thick and toxic atmosphere composed mainly of carbon dioxide with clouds of sulfuric acid. This dense atmosphere creates a runaway greenhouse effect, making Venus the hottest planet in our solar system, with surface temperatures averaging around 462 degrees Celsius (864 degrees Fahrenheit). Shrouded in Clouds: The atmosphere of Venus is perpetually covered in thick clouds that create a highly reflective layer, making it the brightest planet visible from Earth. These clouds consist mostly of sulfuric acid and contribute to the intense greenhouse effect and the planet's high surface temperatures. EARTH Third Planet from the Sun: Earth is the third planet in our solar system, located between Venus and Mars. Habitable Planet: Earth is the only known planet to support life. It has a diverse biosphere with a wide range of ecosystems and millions of species, including humans. Blue Planet: Earth is often called the "Blue Planet" because about 71% of its surface is covered by oceans, which contain most of the planet's water. Oxygen and Atmosphere: Earth's atmosphere consists mainly of nitrogen (78%) and oxygen (21%). The presence of oxygen enables the survival of aerobic organisms, including humans. MOON Earth's Natural Satellite: The Moon is Earth's only natural satellite. It orbits around our planet at an average distance of about 384,400 kilometers (238,900 miles). Lunar Phases: The Moon goes through different phases as seen from Earth, caused by the changing positions of the Moon, Earth, and Sun. These phases include New Moon, First Quarter, Full Moon, and Last Quarter. Lunar Surface: The Moon's surface is covered with craters, mountains, and plains. The darker areas are called maria, which are large, flat plains formed by ancient volcanic activity. The lighter areas are highlands, composed of mountains and impact craters. Synchronous Rotation: The Moon is tidally locked with Earth, meaning it always shows the same face to us. This phenomenon is known as "synchronous rotation" and is a result of the gravitational interaction between Earth and the Moon. MARS The Red Planet: Mars is often called the "Red Planet" due to its reddish appearance, caused by iron oxide (or rust) on its surface. It is the fourth planet from the Sun in our solar system. Similar to Earth: Mars is a terrestrial planet with similarities to Earth. It has a thin atmosphere primarily composed of carbon dioxide, polar ice caps, seasons, and a day length similar to Earth's. Exploration and Potential for Life: Mars has been extensively explored by robotic missions. Scientists are interested in Mars because it might have had conditions suitable for life in the past, and future missions aim to search for signs of past or present life on the planet. CERES Largest Asteroid: Ceres is the largest object in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. It is classified as a dwarf planet and is the only one located in the inner solar system. Composition and Size: Ceres is composed mostly of rock and ice, and it has a diameter of about 940 kilometers (590 miles). It accounts for about one-third of the total mass of the asteroid belt. Water Ice and Possible Subsurface Ocean: Observations from spacecraft have revealed that Ceres has significant amounts of water ice on its surface, particularly in its polar regions. There is also evidence to suggest the presence of a subsurface ocean beneath its icy crust. ASTEROID BELT Location: Asteroid belts are regions of space located between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. The main asteroid belt, the most well-known and studied, is found in this region. Composition: Asteroid belts primarily consist of asteroids, which are rocky and metallic objects. These asteroids can vary in size, ranging from small boulders to large bodies several hundred kilometers in diameter. Origin: Asteroid belts are remnants of the early solar system's formation. They are composed of materials that did not coalesce to form planets due to the gravitational influence of Jupiter's powerful gravity. JUPITER Size and Composition: Jupiter is the largest planet in our solar system, with a diameter of about 143,000 kilometers (89,000 miles). It is primarily composed of hydrogen and helium, similar to the composition of the Sun, but it lacks the critical mass required to trigger nuclear fusion and become a star. Great Red Spot: Jupiter is well-known for its iconic feature called the Great Red Spot. It is a persistent high-pressure storm system, appearing as a large reddish-colored oval on the planet's surface. The Great Red Spot is a centuries-old storm that is larger than Earth itself. SATURN Rings of Saturn: Saturn's iconic rings are composed of countless icy particles ranging in size from micrometers to several meters. These rings are made visible by the sunlight reflecting off the particles, creating a stunning and distinct feature. Cassini Mission: The Cassini spacecraft, launched in 1997, provided a wealth of information about Saturn and its moons. It orbited Saturn for over 13 years and captured breathtaking images of the planet, its rings, and its moons. The mission concluded in 2017 with a controlled descent into Saturn's atmosphere. Hexagonal Storm: Saturn's north pole is home to a unique atmospheric phenomenon known as the hexagonal storm. This massive, persistently swirling storm forms a hexagonal shape and has a central vortex. The exact cause of this peculiar weather pattern is still under investigation. COMETS Composition: Comets are composed of ice, rock, dust, and organic compounds. Their icy nucleus contains a mixture of water, frozen gases (such as carbon dioxide and methane), and various types of solid particles. Orbits: Comets have elongated orbits that can take them far from the Sun, often originating from the Kuiper Belt or the Oort Cloud. When a comet's orbit brings it closer to the Sun, the heat causes the ice to vaporize, creating a glowing coma and distinctive tails. Scientific Significance: Comets are of great scientific importance as they provide a window into the early solar system's formation. By studying comets, scientists can gain insights into the composition and processes that occurred during the formation of planets and other celestial bodies billions of years ago. Space missions have been launched to explore and gather data directly from comets, enhancing our understanding of these fascinating objects. URANUS Unique Tilt: Uranus is known for its extreme axial tilt, as it rotates on its side compared to other planets in the solar system. This tilt is believed to have resulted from a collision with a massive object early in its history, causing its axis to be tilted at an angle of about 98 degrees. Atmosphere: Uranus has a predominantly hydrogen and helium atmosphere, but it also contains traces of methane. This methane gives Uranus its distinctive blue-green color, as it absorbs red light and reflects blue and green light back into space. The atmosphere is characterized by high-speed winds, reaching speeds of up to 900 kilometers per hour (560 miles per hour). Moons and Rings: Uranus has 27 known moons, named after characters from the works of William Shakespeare and Alexander Pope. The five largest moons are Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon. Uranus also has a system of rings, although they are not as prominent as the rings of Saturn. The rings are relatively dark and composed of ice particles mixed with rocky material. NEPTUNE Position and Distance: Neptune is the eighth and farthest planet from the Sun in our solar system, located about 4.5 billion kilometers (2.8 billion miles) away from the Sun. It takes approximately 165 Earth years for Neptune to complete one orbit around the Sun. Composition and Atmosphere: Neptune is an ice giant planet composed mainly of hydrogen, helium, and ices such as water, methane, and ammonia. Its atmosphere contains a high proportion of methane, which gives it a striking blue color. The presence of methane absorbs red light and reflects blue light, resulting in its distinct appearance. Moons and Rings: Neptune has a system of rings and a collection of moons. The most notable moon is Triton, which is the seventh-largest moon in the solar system and the only large moon in the solar system to orbit in the opposite direction of its planet's rotation. Neptune has a total of 14 known moons, including Nereid, Proteus, and Larissa KUIPER BELT Location and Size: The Kuiper Belt is a vast region of the solar system located beyond Neptune's orbit, extending from about 30 to 55 astronomical units (AU) from the Sun. It is estimated to be around 20 times wider and 200 times more massive than the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Composition and Objects: The Kuiper Belt is primarily composed of small icy bodies, including dwarf planets, comets, and a multitude of smaller objects known as Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs). The most famous KBO is Pluto, which was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006. The region contains remnants from the early solar system and is believed to provide valuable insights into its formation and evolution. PLUTO Dwarf Planet: Pluto was once considered the ninth planet in our solar system but was reclassified as a dwarf planet in 2006 by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). It is located in the Kuiper Belt, a region beyond Neptune's orbit. Characteristics: Pluto has a rocky core surrounded by a thin atmosphere primarily composed of nitrogen, with traces of methane and carbon monoxide. It has five known moons, the largest of which is Charon, and its surface is covered in frozen nitrogen, methane, and carbon monoxide. Pluto's orbit is highly elliptical, and it takes about 248 Earth years to complete one orbit around the Sun. Charon and Other Moons: Pluto has five known moons, with Charon being the largest and most well-known. Charon is so large relative to Pluto that they are sometimes considered a "binary system." The other moons of Pluto are Nix, Hydra, Kerberos, and Styx. OORT CLOUD Distant Region: The Oort Cloud is a hypothetical, vast, and mostly spherical region that is believed to exist in the outermost reaches of the solar system, far beyond the Kuiper Belt. It is thought to extend from about 2,000 to 200,000 astronomical units (AU) from the Sun. Comet Reservoir: The Oort Cloud is believed to be the source of long-period comets, which are comets with orbital periods greater than 200 years. These comets originate from the Oort Cloud and are occasionally gravitationally perturbed, sending them on highly elliptical orbits that bring them into the inner solar system. Icy Objects: The Oort Cloud is presumed to contain trillions of icy bodies, composed primarily of volatile compounds such as water, methane, ammonia, and carbon dioxide. These objects are remnants from the early formation of the solar system and are thought to be relatively undisturbed since their creation billions of years ago.

The Dream Mission My greatest experience of dream Mars mission. Overview People must have had many dreams and those dreams would be very unique, but my dream is very unique. Today I will share with you this dream journey full of very interesting and adventures. In this dream of mine, I have done the complete mission of Mars and there are many twists in that too, which I will tell you further in this article. The article is The Dream Mission Dream Mars Mission It was night time, I was tossing and turning on the bed trying to sleep, I was not able to sleep because of fever, I went to 9, I fell asleep with great difficulty, but at 2:30 suddenly I woke up because I Weird dreams of mars were coming, sometimes take off, sometimes horrible dreams of crash on mars, and one side had fever, sleep was gone, I was having dreams even while awake, I mean call it a dream or what it was, I don't know. No, but that picture was running in my mind, just such strange things were visible in front of my eyes, I was trying to sleep, but I was not able to sleep. I felt as if all this was happening in reality, dreams come during sleep but I was having dreams even with my eyes open, this experience was the most unique and a little difficult in my life. I cannot describe that moment clearly, but in a few moments, all those things were coming before my eyes, sometimes the scenes of my plane crashing and getting lost in space were coming to the fore, along with me there were other scenes of mine. There were astronauts who came with me in this mission, there was also a scene in which our return vehicle from Mars breaks down and we are fixing it, there was also a scene in which I am in space and I hear the voices of my companions. I heard that people are calling my name, I am not reacting, there is darkness in front of my eyes, my eyes are half open and closed, it seems as if I am going to faint in some time, even my space suit will not take me much longer. I won't be able to save myself, I am just wandering in this lonely and quiet space. The next moment my crew is in front of me. This experience was very exciting and memorable, I am sitting in our space craft, we probably Have forgotten the direction, coordinates are in my ears and only computer screens are visible in front of me, there are many difficulties coming in this journey and we are struggling with them, I was not able to see this scene clearly but in some time it It was appearing in front of my eyes, I am out of control, I am not able to move, what to do, the path is not swelling, the bass is moving round and round and I don't know in any direction, I am not in control, there is chaos all around, NASA is helping us, we are trying to control it somehow, some noises are coming all around and it seems as if we are about to crash, some society is not coming, there are all the screens in the evening which have all the information. And controls too, and only then we lose everything and crash, when we open our eyes, everything is scattered, some have holes in their suits, some are badly hurt, all these things are happening while the eyes are in it. Then it opens, now it was around 4 o'clock, these strange dreams were happening again and again, on top of that, I was running fever, my condition was bad, sometimes I used to sit and sometimes I tried to sleep, the dreams were not allowing me to sleep, and so on. While all this is happening, I catch my eye, yes a lot more happened in between but I will tell you about it later, when I woke up, it was already morning, there was a different freshness in this morning but I was completely tired, quite a unique experience which It happened that the government spends crores of rupees to reach Mars but I enjoyed the journey to Mars by eating only 2-3 sweets. This whole article is based on a real dream experience. Its second part will also come soon. Other Articles...... Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts Zombie Planets Creation of Mind Loop STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-186f Proxima Centauri b TRAPPIST-1

Latest News Latest Press Mentions Exciting Findings at Spacelia Add a News Article with a short summary and a link. You can also add a video for extra engagement. Be detailed and thorough to interest your readers, and include links to the original story online. A Revolutionary Space Exploration Lab Add a News Article with a short summary and a link. You can also add a video for extra engagement. Be detailed and thorough to interest your readers, and include links to the original story online. Top Discoveries of the Decade Add a News Article with a short summary and a link. You can also add a video for extra engagement. Be detailed and thorough to interest your readers, and include links to the original story online. Chandrayan-3 We proudly say that our Indian Space Research Organization declares chandrayan-3 mission details, ISRO is likely to launch Chandrayaan-3 on July 14, 2023 at 2:30 pm from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre at Sriharikota. The mission involves landing a rover on the lunar surface. The mission has been budgeted at Rs 615 crore. Chandrayaan-3 is a follow-on mission to Chandrayaan-2 to demonstrate end-to-end capability in safe landing and roving on the lunar surface. It has a lander and rover configuration. click here to see chandrayan-3 launch Aditya L1 Aditya L1 shall be the first space based Indian mission to study the Sun. The spacecraft shall be placed in a halo orbit around the Lagrange point 1 (L1) of the Sun-Earth system, which is about 1.5 million km from the Earth. A satellite placed in the halo orbit around the L1 point has the major advantage of continuously viewing the Sun without any occultation/eclipses. it will be launch on 2nd september 11:50, and it will take about 109 days to reach l1 point. click here to see Aditya-L1 launch T Coronae Borealis Outburst Have you ever wished you could witness a stellar explosion? Well, 2024 might just be your year! A fascinating binary star system called T Coronae Borealis (T CrB), also known as the Blaze Star, is a potential candidate for a spectacular outburst this year. But before we get into the fireworks, let’s delve into the intriguing configuration of this cosmic duo. click here to read blog Parker Solar Probe NASA's Parker Solar Probe achieved a historic milestone on Christmas Eve, making its closest-ever approach to the Sun at a mere 3.8 million miles. 1 This record-breaking flyby also propelled the probe to an unprecedented speed of 430,000 mph, making it the fastest human-made object. 2 This daring mission aims to unlock the secrets of the Sun's corona and solar wind, crucial for understanding space weather phenomena that can impact Earth. 2 By studying these solar processes, scientists hope to gain valuable insights into how stars function and influence our solar system. click here to see the post. Instrument Updates on Voyager Spacecraft Launched in 1977, NASA’s Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 spacecraft have been on an extraordinary journey, venturing beyond our solar system into interstellar space. Designed for a five-year mission to study the outer planets, these probes have far exceeded expectations, operating for over 47 years. However, as their power sources diminish, NASA has begun deactivating certain instruments to extend their operational lifespans. click here to see the post. BLOOD MOON of March 2025 The Blood Moon on March 14, 2025, will be a spectacular celestial event, as a total lunar eclipse turns the moon a striking red hue. This phenomenon occurs when the Earth passes directly between the sun and the moon, casting a shadow that filters sunlight, giving the moon its characteristic reddish color. Visible from parts of North America, Europe, and Africa, the event offers skywatchers a rare opportunity to witness the dramatic transformation. The March 2025 Blood Moon is not only a visual spectacle but also a reminder of the fascinating dynamics between our planet, the moon, and the sun. click here to see the post. Partial Solar Eclipse Occuring A partial solar eclipse is scheduled for March 29, 2025, The Moon will move between the Earth and the Sun during this event, partially obscuring it and forming a dramatic crescent shape in the sky. This celestial alignment will be visible to anyone in the Arctic, North America, Europe, northern South America, and northwest Africa. Even though it won't be a complete eclipse, it serves as an intriguing reminder of how harmoniously our solar system functions. These kinds of moments cause us to stop and consider the vast physics of the cosmos at work directly above us. click here to see the post.

Explore the cosmos with us! Dive into our portfolio of space-themed projects, from breathtaking visuals of celestial objects to informative pieces on space exploration and regulations. Portfolio In the portfolio section, you will get the explanation of the topic with images so that you will be able to learn well and will not get bored.

In this article, I will tell you a mindset that will shock you. After a lot of deep thinking and hard work, I am writing this article. This article is basically about our mind, what is it?, how is it?, what is the impact?, I will tell you all this further in the article, so reading the entire article will be very interesting and mind opening. Creation of Mind Loop This article is about mind and power of mind and totally different mindset which blows your mind. Introduction In this article, I will tell you a mindset that will shock you. After a lot of deep thinking and hard work, I am writing this article. This article is basically about our mind, what is it?, how is it?, what is the impact?, I will tell you all this further in the article, so reading the entire article will be very interesting and mind opening. And if you have not signed up, then do it quickly and subscribe so that you can be the first to get whatever new update comes, keep watching, and stay tuned. Unique Mindset I believe that whatever we are seeing or thinking is the work of our mind, it could just be our desire to think too far or the desire to get fame. And I am not only saying this, behind this also I have some strong point of view, which I will explain to you further. So first of all you clear this that what I want to say and what is my point, I am simply saying that we are making new theories in the universe and all these discoveries etc. are all just a mindset of ours. There is potential and all the theories that have been made are here. Understand that today I have given you a strong statement and someone else has modified and presented the same statement in a better way, this is the theory. I am not saying at all that all this is wrong, just till this article you should believe that all this is the power of our imagination. Like I got an idea today that this should also be there in the universe, then my mind will start thinking more about that thing which is not there, it will start creating itself and will force me to think or to believe that My opinion is absolutely correct. This thing cannot be understood by explaining it further but perhaps if you have had such an experience then you can understand it better. The simple thing is that it could just be an illusion or overthinking of the retard. You have understood all these things, but you will say that this is just your assumption, there is no proof, I will give you that too. You must have heard about the double slit experiment, it also has the same thing. And there is a theory in which scientists are saying that the world around us is just a binary code. When you focus on that thing then it comes into real state and back it becomes virtual, so let me tell you in a similar theory. What I have created may just be my idea or my overthinking and it is also possible that I may get trapped in the loop of my own theory. The name of this theory is - "Multiplicity of Thoughts", I have given a short explanation of it in the theory section, but I felt that this topic can be very interesting, hence I am writing a special article on it. So as you experience all these things, it creates a virtualness. You must decide once to think about any domain, think something or the other that you want to be this saree, if you keep thinking in your mind for 10-20 days, then you will also feel its effect. You must have heard about the Law of Attraction, so it also adds more depth to my theory. Scientist also proved that our soul can also travel in sleeping mode, so my conclusion of this theory comes from all these points. It was only till now and I know that you will have many questions, so you can ask me through personal mail or chat on the website. And make sure to subscribe to the website. Chat Section If you have any question ask me here.... Other Articles...... Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Zombie Planets STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-186f Proxima Centauri b TRAPPIST-1

Kepler-186f is an Earth-sized exoplanet located 500 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus. It orbits a red dwarf star, Kepler-186, within its habitable zone, where conditions might allow liquid water to exist. This discovery sparked interest in the search for potentially habitable exoplanets and raised questions about the possibility of extraterrestrial life beyond our solar system. However, limited data about its atmosphere and surface make it challenging to assess its true habitability. KEPLER-186f Kepler-186f is an Earth-sized exoplanet located 500 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus. It orbits a red dwarf star, Kepler-186, within its habitable zone, where conditions might allow liquid water to exist. This discovery sparked interest in the search for potentially habitable exoplanets and raised questions about the possibility of extraterrestrial life beyond our solar system. However, limited data about its atmosphere and surface make it challenging to assess its true habitability. 1. Characteristics of Kepler-186f: Size: Kepler-186f is considered an Earth-sized exoplanet, with an estimated radius about 1.1 times that of Earth. This makes it one of the few exoplanets discovered at the time that was close in size to our own planet. Parent Star: Kepler-186f orbits a red dwarf star known as Kepler-186, which is cooler and smaller than our Sun. Kepler-186 is classified as an M-dwarf star. Orbit: Kepler-186f is in a relatively tight orbit around its host star, completing one orbit approximately every 130 Earth days. It receives about a third of the energy from its star compared to Earth's energy from the Sun. Habitable Zone: One of the most intriguing aspects of Kepler-186f is its location within the habitable zone (Goldilocks zone) of its star. The habitable zone is the region around a star where conditions might be suitable for liquid water to exist on the planet's surface, which is a key factor for the potential development of life as we know it. 2. Atmosphere of Kepler-186f: Information about the specific composition and characteristics of Kepler-186f's atmosphere is not currently known. Detecting and analyzing the atmospheres of exoplanets, especially those as distant as Kepler-186f, is a challenging task that often requires advanced telescopes and instruments. Detailed studies of an exoplanet's atmosphere can provide important insights into its potential habitability. 3. Potential for Extraterrestrial Life: Kepler-186f's location within the habitable zone of its star makes it an intriguing candidate for the potential existence of extraterrestrial life. The habitable zone represents the region where conditions might be right for liquid water to exist on the planet's surface, which is a crucial ingredient for life as we know it. However, the presence of liquid water alone does not guarantee the existence of life. Other factors, such as the composition of the planet's atmosphere, the presence of essential nutrients, geological activity, and the stability of the climate, also play vital roles in determining habitability. Detecting signs of life on Kepler-186f or any exoplanet is extremely challenging and would likely require advanced telescopes capable of analyzing the planet's atmosphere for biomarkers (e.g., oxygen, methane) or other potential signs of biological activity. Kepler-186f and Earth have some similarities, such as their Earth-sized classification and the fact that Kepler-186f is located within the habitable zone of its star. However, they also have several key differences. Here's a comparison between Kepler-186f and Earth: 1. Size and Mass: Earth: Earth is approximately 12,742 kilometers (7,918 miles) in diameter and has a mass of about 5.972 × 10^24 kilograms. Kepler-186f: Kepler-186f is considered an Earth-sized exoplanet, with an estimated radius about 1.1 times that of Earth. Its exact mass is not precisely known but is believed to be greater than Earth. 2. Parent Star and Orbit: Earth: Earth orbits the Sun, a G-type main-sequence star (G2V), at an average distance of about 149.6 million kilometers (93 million miles). It completes one orbit around the Sun in approximately 365.25 days. Kepler-186f: Kepler-186f orbits a red dwarf star known as Kepler-186, which is cooler and smaller than our Sun. Its orbit around Kepler-186 takes approximately 130 Earth days. 3. Habitable Zone: Earth: Earth is located within the habitable zone of the Sun, where conditions for liquid water are ideal for the existence of life. Kepler-186f: Kepler-186f is also located within the habitable zone of its star, Kepler-186. This means that, theoretically, it could have conditions suitable for liquid water to exist on its surface. 4. Atmosphere: Earth: Earth has a diverse and life-sustaining atmosphere composed primarily of nitrogen (about 78%) and oxygen (about 21%), with trace amounts of other gases. The atmosphere plays a critical role in regulating temperature and supporting life. Kepler-186f: The specific composition and characteristics of Kepler-186f's atmosphere are not currently known. Detailed studies are needed to determine the presence and properties of its atmosphere. 5. Surface Conditions: Earth: Earth has a variety of surface conditions, including continents, oceans, and various climate zones. It supports a wide range of life forms and ecosystems. Kepler-186f: The specific surface conditions of Kepler-186f, such as the presence of oceans, continents, or any geological activity, are not known due to limited observational data. 6. Potential for Extraterrestrial Life: Earth: Earth is known to host a diverse array of life, from microorganisms to complex multicellular organisms, including humans. Kepler-186f: While it is located within the habitable zone and is considered an interesting candidate for further study, the presence of extraterrestrial life on Kepler-186f is purely speculative at this point. It is one of the exoplanets that has garnered attention for its potential habitability. Other Articles...... Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Creation of Mind Loop STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-452b Proxima Centauri b TRAPPIST-1

We have heard a lot about time travel, it feels good to hear it but only in imagination and theories, we already know the rest of the reality, but today we have brought another theory in front of you which can happen in the past. There is a thesis based on the above but yes, you will definitely feel happy after reading it. Parallel World Travel We have heard a lot about time travel, it feels good to hear it but only in imagination and theories, we already know the rest of the reality, but today we have brought another theory in front of you which can happen in the past. There is a thesis based on the above but yes, you will definitely feel happy after reading it. Over View.... So let me give you an overview of this theory, in this we have tried to understand how time travel can happen in the past, because we all know that if we want, we can do it in the future, but time can never shrink. This is why it is impossible to travel in the past, but if we say that it is possible and that anti-reaction will increase your interest, then if we have to travel in time then it is possible only in a parallel universe. But we cannot understand the parallel world well yet, so we will have to create this theory accordingly, then the time travel that will happen will happen in the parallel world that we have created with our own thoughts. Because till now the parallel universe has remained only a thesis. So stick to this theory and the whole society will follow you. If you have any questions, you can tell me in the chat box below, I will definitely answer you. Lets begin the journey After starting this I want to ask you question Is time travel in past can be possible because if we do there would be so many paradoxes we have to face like Grandfather paradoxes and Butterfly Effect. If you don’t know about these then might be you think that what’s these..? Grandfather Paradox- Let’s suppose you have a time machine and you traveled in past And unfortunately because of You your Grandfather got killed in his childhood in the age of 6. Then what happen? Just think logically that if your Grandfather never married with any woman then your father will not birth in this world and if he don’t birth in this world You might be not birth in the world So in present if you don’t exists how did you traveled in past and killed your Grandfather? Tricky right… You can read About the Butterfly effect By yourself…. And cause of we are humans and we often made mistakes we can say that there will be a huge chance that we messed up past.. So with this, This is confirm that we cannot travel in past. Even not in the theory. But we are humans and we are free to think and assume don’t we? Of course many scientists claim that past time travel isn’t possible. So my theory is What if we do travel in past and change it but in result nothing will change in our world cause of our mistake or action, Note that I said in our world. As we know we are not alone in the universe there can be a lot of creature like us or advance from us or lower from us in different sector. And there would be a chance that there would be an parallel universe like us. Parallel Universe is a universe which had many similarities and many differences too. This is a hypothesis universe but it can be true. My theory is a mixture of parallel universe and time travel. There are huge chance that we humans will be able to travel in past but the problem will be we can only observe them but can’t change anything if we dare and try to change anything then The past that we traveled will become a parallel universe and continuous it’s own different future than us. In short if we do the grandfather paradox there then even if we kill the grandfather we will be secure but in that died grandfather universe we actually never be able to exists there. It might be the reason why the party of the time travelers by Stephen hawking was empty cause maybe the travelers don’t want to change the universe. With this almost every paradox can be solved. And whenever we felt Déjà vu there would be the cause of we already felt it on parallel universe and we are connected by that ourselves from that universe to this Universe.. Every action has an appropriate reaction We all know that every action has an appropriate reaction, so you must be thinking that you have said that time travel will happen in the past but not in our parallel universe, but will it have any impact in our universe? , Can it have any opposing impact? Well, we can think something now, but because we have given you this universe, it must have been created by imagination and if we do anything in it, we will not see any effect on the present. We will not get it, that is a different matter that this is just our thought, so maybe there can be some reaction. You can tell in the chat box given below whether you have any idea whether this could be a reaction? Chat Section If you have any question ask me here....

The Arecibo Message In 1974, humanity took a bold step into the unknown. From the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, a powerful radio signal pierced the night sky. This wasn’t your typical astronomical observation; it was a deliberate message aimed at the vast emptiness of space, carrying a beacon of our existence. This message, known as the Arecibo message, became a landmark event in our search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). In 1974, humanity took a bold step into the unknown. From the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico, a powerful radio signal pierced the night sky. This wasn’t your typical astronomical observation; it was a deliberate message aimed at the vast emptiness of space, carrying a beacon of our existence. This message, known as the Arecibo message, became a landmark event in our search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI). The Arecibo message wasn’t born out of a sudden alien invasion scare or a Hollywood-esque first contact mission. It was a clever piggyback on a momentous occasion. The Arecibo Observatory had just undergone a major upgrade, and scientists wanted to showcase its newfound capabilities. They designed a pictorial message containing fundamental information about humanity and Earth. Imagine a cosmic postcard: The message, encoded in a binary format (1s and 0s), depicted our solar system, the numbers 1 to 10, the chemical makeup of DNA, and a stick figure representing a human. It even included a clever illustration of the Arecibo telescope itself, acting as a calling card. The target? A globular cluster called Messier 13, a dense swarm of hundreds of thousands of stars located roughly 25,000 light-years away. While the chances of encountering intelligent life there were slim, Messier 13 was a large and easily identifiable landmark in the night sky at the time of transmission. The Arecibo message wasn’t meant to be a two-way conversation. Given the distance, it would take 25,000 years for the message to reach Messier 13, and another 25,000 years for a potential response to travel back. It was more of a symbolic gesture, a way to announce our presence to the universe and demonstrate our growing technological prowess. The Arecibo message sparked a wave of fascination with the possibility of extraterrestrial life. It fueled discussions about the potential dangers and rewards of interstellar communication. Some scientists, like the renowned Carl Sagan, who was involved in the message’s design, believed it was an important step in humanity’s journey of cosmic exploration. The Arecibo message wasn’t the last of its kind. With advancements in technology, scientists are proposing even more sophisticated interstellar messages, some containing information about our biology, culture, and mathematics. The Arecibo message serves as a reminder of our inherent human curiosity and our desire to connect with something beyond ourselves. It’s a testament to our scientific ambition and a beacon of hope, cast into the vast unknown, waiting to be discovered by those who might be listening. Chat Section If you have any question ask me here.... Other Articles...... Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Zombie Planets Creation of Mind Loop STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-186f Proxima Centauri b TRAPPIST-1

Map of the different different planetary systems with introduction of star and planets. Planetary System Interesting facts and information about object of our solar system. Heliocentric System Welcome visitors to your site with a short, engaging introduction. Double click to edit and add your own text. View Map Trappist-1 System Welcome visitors to your site with a short, engaging introduction. Double click to edit and add your own text. View Map

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2019 Space Discoveries The cosmic web revealed Every galaxy in the universe is a pit stop on a long highway of gas known as the cosmic web. Each road, or "filament," on this intergalactic interstate is made of hydrogen left over from the Big Bang ; where large quantities of hydrogen converge, clusters of galaxies appear in the dark sea of space. The web is too faint to see with the naked eye, but in October, astronomers photographed a piece of it for the first time ever. Using the faint ultraviolet glow of a distant galaxy as backlighting, the image shows blue strands of hydrogen crisscrossing through space 12 billion light-years away, connecting bright white galaxies in its path. The plasma shield that guards the realms of men There is a violent clash unfolding at the frontier of our solar system . Billions of miles from the solar system's center, crackling solar wind collides with powerful cosmic rays at a boundary called the heliopause. When NASA's twin Voyager probes passed through the region and entered interstellar space last year, astronomers saw that the heliopause is not just a symbolic boundary; it's also a physical wall of soupy plasma that deflects and dilutes the worst of the incoming radiation. This plasma "shield," as it's described in a Nov. 4 study, may deflect about 70% of cosmic rays from entering our solar system. You could call it the shield that guards the realms of men. (You won't find White Walkers on the other side, but you will find some white dwarfs.) Radio bubbles in the galaxy's gut The Fermi Bubbles are twin blobs of high-energy gas ballooning out of both poles of the Milky Way 's center, stretching into space for 25,000 light-years apiece (roughly the same as the distance between Earth and the center of the Milky Way). The bubbles are thought to be a few million years old and likely have something to do with a giant explosion from our galaxy's central black hole — but observations are scarce, as they are typically only visible to ultrapowerful gamma-ray and X-ray telescopes. This September, however, astronomers detected the bubbles in radio waves for the first time, revealing large quantities of energetic gas moving through the bubbles, possibly fueling them to grow even larger, according to the scientists' report in the journal Nature. Fermi's chimneys A whole new era of space science began on Christmas Day 2021 with the successful launch of the world's next major telescope. NASA, the European Space Agency and the Canadian Space Agency are collaborating on the $10 billion James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), a project more than three decades in the making. Space telescopes take a long time to plan and assemble: The vision for this particular spacecraft began before its predecessor, the Hubble Space Telescope, had even launched into Earth orbit. Whereas Hubble orbits a few hundred miles from Earth's surface, JWST is heading to an observational perch located about a million miles from our planet. The telescope began its journey towards this spot, called the Earth-sun Lagrange Point 2 (L2), on Dec. 25, 2021 at 7:20 a.m. EST (1220 GMT) when an Ariane 5 rocket launched the precious payload from Europe's Spaceport in Kourou, French Guiana. The telescope will help astronomers answer questions about the evolution of the universe and provide a deeper understanding about the objects found in our very own solar system. Planet in a dead star's thrall When a typical sun runs out of fuel and collapses, it may become a white dwarf — the compact, crystalline corpse of a star. If that star had any planets orbiting around it, chances are they were either obliterated in the star's final growth spurt (Earth will likely be engulfed by our sun in its final years) or sucked up and destroyed by the white dwarf's intense gravity. However, in early December, astronomers discovered an intact planet orbiting a white dwarf star for the first time ever. Spotted about 2,040 light-years from Earth, the white dwarf system seems to be emitting a strange combo of gases that could be a Neptune-like planet slowly evaporating as it circles the dead sun once every 10 days. The study adds major evidence to the theory that dead stars can host planets (at least temporarily). Solar tsunamis The Parker Solar Probe's record-setting approach to the sun made this year's biggest solar science headlines, but arguably the most epic sun study came months earlier, in February, according to scientists writing in the journal Scientific Reports. The researchers described a solar phenomenon called "terminator events " — basically, cataclysmic magnetic-field collisions at the sun's equator. More epic still, the authors wrote, these collisions may result in twin tsunamis of plasma tearing across the star's surface at 1,000 feet (300 meters) per second in both directions. These gargantuan (though still theoretical) solar tsunamis could last for weeks at a time and may occur every decade or so. The next one could be due in early 2020, the authors wrote, which would give the Parker probe something truly gnarly to behold. Black hole babies from the early universe In March, Japanese astronomers searched for baby pictures of the universe by turning their telescope to a corner of space 13 billion light-years away. There, they spied 83 previously undiscovered supermassive black holes dating to the early days of the universe. The holes — actually a bunch of quasars , or huge, luminous disks of gases and dust that surround supermassive black holes — were around as few as 800 million years after the Big Bang, making them some of the earliest objects ever detected. The composite image of all 83 quasars (above) may not be as cute as your own baby pictures, but it's arguably way cooler. Renegade star flees rare black hole In September, astronomers detected one of the fastest renegade stars ever recorded, fleeing across the Milky Way at 1.2 million mph (2 million km/h). Most stars moving at such blazing speeds are usually the survivors of a binary system that got ripped in half by a supermassive black hole or exploding supernova, but this speedy sun appeared to be different. After tracking the star's velocity and trajectory, researchers determined that it seemed to have suffered a run-in with a mid-mass black hole — that is, a black hole with hundreds to hundreds of thousands of times the mass of the sun (as opposed to a supermassive black hole , which can be millions or billions of times the sun's mass). This theoretical type of black hole has never been observed before, and scientists have never found convincing evidence that they actually exist. Now, one speedy star might shine the way to the proof that scientists have been looking for. Fast radio burst followed home Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are intensely bright, vanishingly brief pulses of radio energy that constantly zip across the universe like invisible bullets. What are they, exactly — belches of radiation from supermassive black holes? The pulses of alien spaceship engines ? Scientists don't know for sure, but a team of researchers came closer to solving the puzzle in June when they tracked an FRB across space and time to its precise origins for the first time ever. Using a radio telescope array in the Australian outback, the researchers found the burst in question (which lasted a fraction of a millisecond) originated from a Milky Way-size galaxy about 3.6 billion light-years from Earth, which was no longer producing fresh stars. These results show that FRBs can form in a variety of cosmic environments (and that aliens still can't be ruled out).

Space Discoveries This is your About Page. It's a great opportunity to give a full background on who you are, what you do and what your website has to offer. Double click on the text box to start editing your content and make sure to add all the relevant details you want to share with site visitors. Nasa's Time Line Hubble's Discoveries Presenter please note: Much of the discussion in these slides, and most of the public’s attention, is focused on Hubble’s enormous repertoire of images. View More Hubble's Deep Field The Hubble Space Telescope has made over 1.5 million observations since its launch in 1990, capturing stunning subjects such as the Eagle Nebula and producing data that has been featured in almost 18,000 scientific articles. But no image has revolutionized the way we understand the universe as much as the Hubble Deep Field . View More Hubble's Nebulae Hubble telescope discovered some nebulae here is an image and detail of the nebulae and other information about it. View More Hubble's Star Clusters Billions of trillions of stars illuminate the galaxies of our universe. Each brilliant ball of hydrogen and helium is born within a cloud of gas and dust called a nebula. Deep within these clouds, knots can form, pulling in gas and dust until they become massive enough to collapse under their own gravitational attraction. View More Hubble's Galaxies Our Sun is just one of a vast number of stars within a galaxy called the Milky Way, which in turn is only one of the billions of galaxies in our universe. These massive cosmic neighborhoods, made up of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity, come in a variety of sizes, from dwarf galaxies containing as few as 100 million stars to giant galaxies of more than a trillion stars. View More Hubble's Galaxy Discovery Our Sun is just one of a vast number of stars within a galaxy called the Milky Way, which in turn is only one of the billions of galaxies in our universe. These massive cosmic View More Hubble's Nebula Discovery The space between stars is dotted with twisting towers studded with stars, unblinking eyes, ethereal ribbons, and floating bubbles. These fantastical shapes, some of the universe’s most visually stunning constructions, are nebulae, clouds of gas and dust that can be the birthplace of stars, the scene of their demise ― and sometimes both. View More Hubble's Planetary Discoveries Hubble, however, has made some unique contributions to the planet hunt. Astronomers used Hubble to make the first measurements of the atmospheric composition of extrasolar planets. Hubble observations have identified atmospheres that contain sodium, oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, methane and water vapor. View More Kepler's Exoplanets NASA's Kepler spacecraft was launched to search for Earth-like planets orbiting other stars. It discovered more than 2,600 of these "exoplanets"—including many that are promising places for life to exist. View More Space discovery of year 2021 Top 9 Discoveries of year 2021, visit page by clicking view more button. View More

Black Hole A black hole is an extremely dense region in space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape its grasp. It forms when a massive star collapses, creating a point called a singularity surrounded by an event horizon, beyond which nothing can return. Black holes come in various sizes, including stellar-mass and supermassive black holes. What is Black Hole and how Black Hole forms? Today we will talk about black holes, first let us know how black holes are formed, to keep a star in balance, its gravitational force pushes it inwards and the nuclear fusion taking place in its center pushes it outwards. And with the help of these two pushing forces, the star remains under control. But when the helium gas inside the star starts getting exhausted then the nuclear energy of the star gradually gets exhausted, then gradually the star becomes a red giant, at this time the fusion happening on the star which prevents the gravity from pushing it inside. The force is no longer there and due to gravity the star seems to shrink in on itself and a time comes when the center of the star cannot handle so much gas and a big explosion occurs which we call a supernova, and at the end of the supernova A black hole is formed in A black hole has so much mass that even light gets trapped in front of its gravity and it also absorbs light into itself. Black hole is the center of an infinite mass around which there is a ring like event horizon. Original image of Black hole in i.c.1, explanation of black hole formation i.c.2 i.c.1 Black Hole event horizon. i.c.1 Black Hole formation. Time travel using Black Hole? I hope you have understood what a black hole is and how it is formed. There are many more questions about black holes for which we do not have answers, what is inside a black hole?, where do things go inside a black hole?, does it have an alternative white hole?, do all these things come out of the white hole? Does it come?, Can a black hole take us to our past or make us travel through time? We have not been able to find the answer to this mystery. Suppose we have detected a black hole, yet the nearest black hole is also 1560 light years away from us! If we travel at the speed of light, it will be approximately 1560 years and we can travel in space at the speed of light. Couldn't even find any solution. So as of today it is not possible to reach a black hole. But what's the point in believing, so let's take time and even if we reach the black hole, there will be many more difficulties in front of us, which I will tell you later. You all must have seen the movie Interstellar, in which a planet is shown which is very close to the black hole and we all know that the black hole has infinite mass and its space-time curvature is also very high, meaning it is very close to the black hole. Even spending a little time is a lot of years according to Earth, it is shown in this movie that 1 hour spent on Miller's Planet is equal to 7 years on Earth. And we call this effect time dilation. But we have to go inside it, not around it, and if the black hole also pulls the light inside itself, then we will have to travel at a speed faster than the light, there is another twist in this, we will first go to the event horizon of the black hole where all the things It starts rotating around the black hole, if we can survive there then we can reach inside the black hole, but we do not even know what is inside the black hole. So if we cross all these things then we can go inside the black hole. Scientists speculate that a black hole may act like a worm hole, just like the one shown in Interstellar. If you also want such an article like Worm Hole, then subscribe to the website so that you get the notification of that article. Now you can understand how complex the black hole is and we have not been able to solve the entire mystery of the black hole yet. i.c.3 Black hole event horizon. i.c.4 Black hole curvature comparison i.c.5 Black hole time travel. Black Hole images Other Articles.... Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Creation of Mind Loop Parallel World Travel Age of our Universe Zombie Planets

Unravel the mysteries of the cosmos in our exciting new series! Dive deep into fascinating space objects, exploring their unique configurations and secrets. From distant galaxies to our own solar system, we'll equip you with knowledge to navigate the vast expanse of space. Stay tuned and join us on this cosmic adventure! SPACE EXPLORATION SERIES Welcome visitors to your site with a short, engaging introduction. Double click to edit and add your own text. Start Now The Messier Objects Welcome visitors to your site with a short, engaging introduction. Double click to edit and add your own text. Start Now The Unique Galaxies Welcome visitors to your site with a short, engaging introduction. Double click to edit and add your own text. Start Now

Hubble's Nebulae Hubble telescope discovered some nebulae here is an image and detail of the nebulae and other information about it. Emission Nebulae Emission nebulae are so named because they emit their own light. This type of nebula forms when the intense radiation of stars within or near the nebula energizes the gas. A star’s ultraviolet radiation floods the gas with so much energy that it strips electrons from the nebula’s hydrogen atoms, a process called ionization. As the energized electrons revert from their higher-energy state to a lower-energy state by recombining with atoms, they emit energy in the form of light, causing the nebula’s gas to glow. A famous example of an emission nebula is the Orion Nebula, a huge, star-forming nebula in the constellation Orion. The Orion Nebula is home to a star cluster defined by four massive stars known as the Trapezium. These stars are only a few hundred thousand years old, about 15-30 times the mass of the Sun, and so hot and bright that they’re responsible for illuminating the entire Orion nebula. But thousands of additional, mostly young stars are embedded in the nebula. The most massive are 50 to 100 times the mass of our Sun. The radiation and solar winds of stars within emission nebulae carve and sculpt the nebula’s gas, creating caverns and pillars but also creating pressures on the gas clouds that can give rise to more starbirth. Reflection Nebulae Reflection nebulae reflect the light from nearby stars. The stars that illuminate them aren’t powerful enough to ionize the nebula’s gas, as with emission nebulae, but their light scatters through the gas and dust causing it to glow ― like a flashlight beam shining on mist in the dark. Because of the way light scatters when it hits the fine dust of the interstellar medium, these reflection nebulae are often bluish in color. A reflection nebula called NGC 1999 lies close to the famous Orion Nebula, about 1,500 light-years from Earth. The nebula is illuminated by a bright, recently formed star called V380 Orionis, and the gas and dust of the nebula is material left over from that star’s formation. A second well-known reflection nebula is illuminated by the Pleiades star cluster. Most nebulae around star clusters consist of material that the stars formed from. But the Pleiades shines on an independent cloud of gas and dust, drifting through the cluster at about 6.8 miles/second (11 km/s). Planetary Nebulae When astronomers looked at the sky through early telescopes, they found many indistinct, cloudy forms. They called such objects “nebulae,” Latin for clouds. Some of the fuzzy objects resembled planets, and these earned the name “planetary nebulae.” Today these nebulae keep the name, but we know they have nothing to do with planets. Planetary nebulae form during the death of low-mass to medium-mass stars. When such stars die, they expel their outer layers into space. These expanding shells of gas form a huge variety of unique shapes ― rings, hourglasses, rectangles, and more ― that show the complexity of stellar death. Astronomers are still studying how these intricate shapes form at the end of a star’s life. As the star casts off its outer layers, it leaves behind its core, which becomes a white dwarf star. White dwarf stars are objects with the approximate mass of the Sun but the size of Earth, making them one of the densest forms of matter in the universe after black holes and neutron stars. The white dwarf star’s ultraviolet radiation ionizes the gas of the planetary nebula and causes it to glow, just as stars do in emission nebulae. Our Sun is expected to form a planetary nebula at the end of its life. Supernova Remnants Not all stars die gently, exhaling their outer layers into space. Some explode in a supernova, flinging their contents into space at anywhere from 9,000 to 25,000 miles (15,000 to 40,000 kilometers) per second. When a star has a lot of mass ― at least five times that of our Sun ― or is part of a binary system in which a white dwarf star can gravitationally pull mass from a companion star, it can explode with the brightness of 10 billion Suns. Supernova remnants consist of material from the exploded star and any interstellar material it sweeps up in its path. The new debris from the explosion and material ejected by the star earlier in its life collide, heating up in the shock until it glows with x-rays. Supernova remnants’ glow can also be powered by the stellar wind of a pulsar ― a rapidly spinning neutron star created from the core of the exploded star. The pulsar emits electrons that interact with the magnetic field it produces, a process called synchrotron radiation, and emits X-rays, visible light and radio waves. Absorption Nebulae Absorption nebulae or dark nebulae are clouds of gas and dust that don’t emit or reflect light, but block light coming from behind them. These nebulae tend to contain large amounts of dust, which allows them to absorb visible light from stars or nebulae beyond them. Astronomer William Herschel, discussing these seemingly empty spots in the late 1700s, called them “a hole in the sky.” Included among absorption nebulae are objects like Bok globules, small, cold clouds of gas and dense cosmic dust. Some Bok globules have been found to have warm cores, which would be caused by star formation inside, and further observation has indicated the presence of multiple stars of varying ages, suggesting a slow, ongoing star formation process. The Crab Nebula is an example of a supernova remnant. The explosion that created it in the year 1054 was so bright that for weeks it could be seen even in the daytime sky, and it was recorded by astronomers across the world. The material from the star is still rushing outward at around 3 million mph (4.8 million kph). Hubble's Nebulae Gallery

Publishing our latest research papers on space objects alongside discussions on the ethical implications of space exploration. Research Projects Space research and latest discoveries Star Formation This is your Project description. Whether your work is based on text, images, videos or a different medium, providing a brief summary will help visitors understand the context and background. Then use the media section to showcase your project. Nebula Observation This is your Project description. Whether your work is based on text, images, videos or a different medium, providing a brief summary will help visitors understand the context and background. Then use the media section to showcase your project. Solar Flare Detection This is your Project description. Whether your work is based on text, images, videos or a different medium, providing a brief summary will help visitors understand the context and background. Then use the media section to showcase your project. The Big Bang Effect The early theory of origin of origin of universe is The Big Bang Theory. which consist a nebular exploidation of two nebulas. this theory is a strongest theory of the origin of universe. when big bang cause dark mater and all galaxies are origin. all things of our universe is cause in this time. scientist strongly work on this theory. Existence of Alien civilization Our Milky Way galaxy is around 4 billion years old, but our universe is around 13 billion years old, so if we have high technology like space craft and rocket etc, so just imagine that how other galaxy's civilization is powerful and high-tech. so point is in whole universe there is many planets like earth is good for life and maybe life is exist in this planets, so if alien exist they have more power and technology, and maybe possible they planning to attack on earth. we must be alert and full-fill to fight with aliens. Antient Literature & Geography In Hinduism they called Brahma, Vishnu, Mahesh is never born or die, let's except. They say that lord brahma created universe, let's except this also. My point is if lord brahma creates everything so which mater form is lord brahma, and if lord brahma creates atom or nano atom in nothing so where is lord brahma in nothing in which form of mater. Something came from nothing so where is lord and how it's possible. We are living in matrix yes, we are living in matrix! shocking but true many scientist proves that we are in matrix why let me explain, what we see with help of our eyes is compatible to our eyes but we can not able to see alfa red rays or electro magnetic waves but in changes of camera lance and settings we clearly see a chipset in our sky which prove that this world is matrix, detail proven photos is given in portfolio section just visit it. Net mass of our universe 500000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000 this number is a total mass of our universe but net mass of our universe is zero!, yes because we have already learned that we cannot create or destroy mass so when mass cannot be created so where mass came from, let me explain what is in vacuum, vacuum is one since matter and anti-matter are formed by fluctuations, the opposite of what we see also exists here, so our universe has a net mass of zero. Nearest Star System Certainly, here is a list of the 100 nearest star systems to our solar system, along with brief explanations for each: Visit More KEPLER-452b Kepler-452b, often referred to as "Earth's cousin," is an exoplanet that was discovered by NASA's Kepler Space Telescope. It was announced as a significant discovery in July 2015. Here's a detailed explanation of Kepler-452b, including information about its characteristics, atmosphere, and the potential for extraterrestrial life Visit More KEPLER-186f Kepler-186f is an Earth-sized exoplanet located 500 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus. It orbits a red dwarf star, Kepler-186, within its habitable zone, where conditions might allow liquid water to exist. This discovery sparked interest in the search for potentially habitable exoplanets and raised questions about the possibility of extraterrestrial life beyond our solar system. However, limited data about its atmosphere and surface make it challenging to assess its true habitability. Visit More Proxima Centauri b Proxima Centauri b is an exoplanet that orbits the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, which is the closest known star to our Sun. Here's a detailed explanation of Proxima Centauri b, including information about its characteristics, atmosphere, and the search for extraterrestrial life or aliens Visit More TRAPPIST-1 TRAPPIST-1 is a star system located about 39 light-years away from Earth in the constellation Aquarius. It gained significant attention and interest in the scientific community and the public due to the discovery of seven Earth-sized exoplanets orbiting the ultra-cool dwarf star TRAPPIST-1. Here's a detailed explanation of the TRAPPIST-1 system, including information about its characteristics, the potential for atmosphere, and the search for extraterrestrial life or aliens Visit More LHS 1140b LHS 1140b is an exoplanet that orbits the red dwarf star LHS 1140, which is located in the constellation Cetus, approximately 41 light-years away from Earth. Discovered in 2017, LHS 1140b has garnered significant attention in the field of exoplanet research due to its potential for habitability and its relatively close proximity to our solar system. Here's a detailed explanation of LHS 1140b, including information about its characteristics, atmosphere, and the potential for extraterrestrial life Visit More Age of our Universe COMING SOON......... Visit More Worm Hole COMING SOON......... Visit More Religious Point of View COMING SOON......... Visit More Existence of Multiverse what is multiverse? , Does it exist in real?, and if yes then how, I will also show its proof and an experiment. In this article, you will know the secret of the multiverse and all the facts related to it and will also know whether it exists or not. Visit More White Holes A white hole is a hypothetical region of spacetime where matter and light can only escape, never enter, behaving as the reverse of a black hole. While predicted by mathematical models, there's no observational evidence yet for their existence, and they remain largely theoretical constructs in astrophysics. Visit More Black Hole A black hole is an extremely dense region in space where gravity is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape its grasp. It forms when a massive star collapses, creating a point called a singularity surrounded by an event horizon, beyond which nothing can return. Black holes come in various sizes, including stellar-mass and supermassive black holes. Visit More Worm Hole A wormhole is a theorized passage through spacetime, predicted by Einstein's general relativity, that could connect two distant regions. Imagine it as a tunnel bending the fabric of space and time, allowing travel between these points much faster than traditional means. However, the existence of wormholes and their stability remain unproven, requiring exotic matter with properties that haven't been observed yet. Visit More

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White holes are theoretical regions of spacetime where matter and energy are thought to emerge outward, representing the hypothetical opposite of black holes. White Hole White holes are theoretical regions of spacetime where matter and energy are thought to emerge outward, representing the hypothetical opposite of black holes. Understanding White Holes: The concept of white holes is a fascinating but theoretical idea within the realm of astrophysics, offering a hypothetical counterpart to black holes in our understanding of the universe. While black holes are regions of spacetime from which nothing can escape, including light, white holes are envisioned as the opposite—a theoretical region where matter and energy can only emerge outward, never to be re-entered. This reversal of the gravitational behavior of black holes forms the basis of the concept of white holes. White holes arise as solutions to the equations of general relativity, which describe the curvature of spacetime in the presence of mass and energy. They represent peculiar regions where spacetime curvature diverges from that of black holes, resulting in the outward flow of matter and energy. However, while the mathematical framework of general relativity supports the existence of white holes, there is currently no observational evidence to confirm their existence. Theoretical models of white holes suggest intriguing properties, including the reversal of time near their central singularities. Whereas black holes represent the ultimate endpoint of gravitational collapse, white holes imply a reversal of this process, with matter and energy emerging outward from a central point. Additionally, some theoretical frameworks propose connections between black holes and white holes through wormholes, hypothetical tunnels in spacetime that could provide passages between different regions of the universe. Despite their theoretical appeal, the existence of white holes remains speculative, and several challenges hinder their direct observation or detection. The extreme conditions required for the formation of white holes, coupled with their theoretical nature, pose significant obstacles to observational studies. Nevertheless, white holes continue to capture the imagination of scientists and cosmologists, serving as intriguing objects that push the boundaries of our understanding of the universe's fundamental laws and the mysteries that lie beyond. How White Hole Forms? The formation of white holes is a speculative concept within theoretical astrophysics, and there are several proposed mechanisms for their origin. One hypothesis suggests that white holes could arise as a result of the reverse process of black hole formation. In this scenario, instead of matter collapsing inward under gravity to form a singularity, external forces or quantum effects prevent further collapse, leading to a rebound or "bounce" that results in the outward expulsion of matter and energy. Another possibility is that white holes could emerge from quantum fluctuations or exotic phenomena in the early universe. During the extreme conditions of the universe's infancy, quantum fluctuations could have given rise to regions of spacetime exhibiting the characteristics of white holes, where matter and energy escape outward rather than collapsing inward. Despite these speculative scenarios, the formation of white holes remains an open question in astrophysics, as their extreme nature and theoretical properties pose significant challenges to observational confirmation. Further research and theoretical investigations are needed to elucidate the mechanisms behind white hole formation and their potential role in the cosmos. Is a White Hole connected to a Black Hole? The concept of a black hole being connected to a white hole on the other side is often discussed in theoretical physics and science fiction, but it remains speculative and has not been supported by observational evidence. This idea is based on the theoretical possibility of a wormhole—a hypothetical tunnel-like structure in spacetime that could connect two distant points or even different universes. Here's how the concept of a black hole connected to a white hole through a wormhole is typically envisioned: Wormholes: Wormholes are theoretical solutions to the equations of general relativity that suggest the existence of shortcuts or tunnels through spacetime. These structures would allow matter, energy, or information to travel between distant regions of the universe more quickly than would be possible through normal space. Black Hole Throat and White Hole Throat: In the context of a black hole connected to a white hole, the black hole's event horizon is considered the entrance or "throat" of the wormhole, while the white hole's event horizon is considered the exit or "throat" of the wormhole. One-Way Passage: Theoretical models of this scenario typically involve a one-way passage of matter and energy through the wormhole, with objects falling into the black hole's event horizon emerging from the white hole's event horizon. This setup resembles the behavior of a black hole and a white hole in isolation, where matter falls into the former and escapes from the latter. Cosmological Implications: If black holes and white holes are indeed connected through wormholes, it would have profound implications for our understanding of the universe's structure and dynamics. It could provide a mechanism for the transfer of matter, energy, or even information between different regions of spacetime or even different universes. Speculative Nature: While the concept of black holes connected to white holes through wormholes is mathematically consistent with the laws of general relativity, there is currently no observational evidence to support its existence. Wormholes are highly speculative and remain purely theoretical constructs at this point. Overall, while the idea of a black hole being connected to a white hole through a wormhole is fascinating and has captured the imagination of scientists and science fiction writers alike, it remains speculative and requires further theoretical and observational investigation to determine its validity. Theoretical researches on White Hole : Research on white holes primarily falls within the realms of theoretical physics and cosmology, as there is currently no observational evidence for the existence of white holes. However, scientists have proposed various theories and explored different aspects of white holes within the framework of general relativity and quantum mechanics. Here are some key areas of research and theories related to white holes: Mathematical Analysis: Much of the research on white holes involves mathematical analysis within the framework of general relativity. Scientists have derived theoretical solutions to the Einstein field equations that describe the geometry of spacetime in the presence of a white hole. Relationship to Black Holes: One prominent area of research involves exploring the relationship between black holes and white holes. Some theoretical models suggest that black holes and white holes may be connected through wormholes, hypothetical tunnels in spacetime that could allow matter and energy to travel between them. Hawking Radiation Reversal: Analogous to black holes emitting Hawking radiation, some theories propose that white holes could absorb radiation and matter from their surroundings, leading to a reversal of the Hawking radiation process. This idea is speculative and remains an area of active research. Formation Mechanisms: Scientists have proposed various mechanisms for the formation of white holes. Some theories suggest that white holes could arise as the reverse process of black hole formation, while others speculate that they may emerge from quantum fluctuations or other exotic processes in the early universe. Cosmological Significance: White holes have been proposed as potential explanations for phenomena such as gamma-ray bursts, extremely energetic events observed in distant galaxies. Researchers continue to explore the cosmological implications of white holes and their potential role in the evolution of the universe. Quantum Gravity: Understanding the behavior of white holes may provide insights into the quantum nature of gravity and the unification of quantum mechanics and general relativity. Investigating white holes within the framework of quantum gravity theories, such as loop quantum gravity or string theory, remains an area of active theoretical research. Multiverse Hypothesis: Some speculative cosmological models, such as the multiverse hypothesis, suggest that white holes could be connected to other universes within a larger cosmic ensemble. Research on white holes intersects with broader discussions about the nature of the multiverse and the possibility of other universes beyond our own. Overall, research on white holes spans a wide range of theoretical and conceptual domains within physics and cosmology. While white holes remain hypothetical constructs, exploring their properties and implications contributes to our understanding of the fundamental nature of the universe. Is the White holes are the creator of our universe? The concept of white holes serving as creators of the universe is a speculative idea that lacks empirical evidence and remains largely confined to theoretical discussions. While white holes are theoretical constructs derived from general relativity, positing them as sources from which matter and energy emanate outward, there is no scientific substantiation for their role as the creators of the universe. The prevailing cosmological understanding, rooted in the Big Bang theory, describes the universe's origin as an immensely dense and hot state expanding from a singularity around 13.8 billion years ago. This model does not incorporate white holes as fundamental to universal creation. White holes, if they exist, are envisioned as regions of spacetime where matter and energy escape rather than enter. While the idea of white holes as creators may be intriguing, it remains speculative and lacks empirical support. Other cosmological hypotheses, such as inflationary cosmology or multiverse theories, provide alternative explanations for the universe's origins without invoking white holes. Therefore, while the concept stimulates theoretical discourse, it currently lacks empirical validation and is not widely accepted within the scientific community. White Holes are not possible in Quantum Physics: In the realm of quantum physics, the concept of white holes faces significant challenges due to the fundamental principles governing quantum mechanics. Quantum physics describes the behavior of matter and energy at the smallest scales, where traditional notions of spacetime curvature may break down. One key challenge is reconciling the deterministic nature of general relativity, which underpins the concept of white holes, with the inherent uncertainty and probabilistic behavior inherent in quantum mechanics. Additionally, white holes are associated with extreme gravitational conditions and singularities, where quantum effects are expected to become significant. However, current quantum gravity theories, such as loop quantum gravity or string theory, have not yet provided a complete framework for describing the behavior of spacetime near singularities or within the context of white holes. Therefore, while quantum physics offers valuable insights into the nature of the universe, the theoretical challenges inherent in combining quantum mechanics with general relativity present obstacles to the existence of white holes within a purely quantum framework. Other Articles.... Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Creation of Mind Loop Parallel World Travel Age of our Universe Zombie Planets Black Hole

The universe for Jains is an elaborate system. Jain cosmology is very distinctive, although it shares some features with other Indian religious traditions. It is centred on the everlasting and non-originating nature of the universe, and thus excludes the notion of a creator-god. Jain geography All about Jain's geography and space science Introduction The universe for Jains is an elaborate system. Jain cosmology is very distinctive, although it shares some features with other Indian religious traditions. It is centred on the everlasting and non-originating nature of the universe, and thus excludes the notion of a creator-god. As written by a leading monastic figure from the 12th century, ‘the universe having the shape of a man standing with arms akimbo, with feet apart, filled with substances continuously being created, preserved and destroyed, has never been produced by anyone and is not sustained by anyone either. It exists by itself, without any support’.[1] Although Jains do not worship a creator-god, deities do exist, as mediators between the perfected souls of the Jinas and the imperfect world of human experience, and are a part of the Jain cosmology. Structure of the Jain Universe The Jains distinguish two types of space. The first is the world space (loka-ākāśa), which is a vast but limited area where all souls live in the different body-forms they take according to their rebirths in the various worlds. The second is the non-world space (aloka-ākāśa), which is endless. The Jain universe is perfectly structured and ordered. One of its governing principles is symmetry and repetition, so that ‘to know one part is to know the whole’. It can be viewed as ‘a self-replicating composite’ with, for example, a northern region the exact replica of its southern counterpart, halves being identical, etc. The Jain universe is thought of in terms of dimensions and quantities of units. Jain thinkers have produced a vast vocabulary to describe and understand units of time and space, going from the smallest to the largest, beyond what can be imagined. The smallest unit is the atom. Infinite combinations of atoms make up the smallest unit of measurement. At the other extreme, Jains have devised a refined analysis of extremely large numbers, considering the numerable, the innumerable and the infinite. Jain cosmology gives an important place to mathematical concepts and calculations, so that mathematical treatises written by the Jains may take their illustrative examples from cosmological contexts. Śvetāmbaras and Digambaras agree on the structure of the universe and its elements but differ on many names and numbers. Grasping Jain cosmology is vital to understanding the Jain religion. The soul is an innately pure substance. But, due to embodiment and activity, good or bad, it accumulates karma, which in the Jain understanding means physical matter. This alters the purity of the soul and generates cycles of rebirths within the universe until this finally ends. Rebirth can take one of the following four forms of destiny (gati): 1. as a human (manuṣya); 2. as an inhabitant of the hells (naraka); 3. as a deity (deva); or 4. as an animal or plant (tiryag). Spiritual progression requires an understanding of these cosmological theories. Contemplating the universe is also included within the system of reflection-topics (anuprekṣā). Jambudweep This topic can not be logically or physically proven. It can only be understood on the base of Aagam Vani. You may not be able to beleive it if you think it from modern view as it exists right now. This has to be taken on faith to understand and the main foundation of its understanding is Kevalgyan. Two vertical lines are Tras Nadi where Tras Jeev live. This is in the middle with 13 Raju height. Not covering 1 Raju at the top. Every structure we understand or is described is contained within Tras Nadi. Everything outside is only 1 sensory Jeev called Sthavar Jeev. Middle part is Madhya Lok. Middle Earth. 5 Meru parvat in the middle. Sudarshan Meru/Sumeru is the basis of differentiation of 3 Lok. Madhyalok height is defined by Sumeru Parvat. Below it is Adholok. Above it is Urdhvalok. Physical Dimensions: Bottom – 7 Raju Middle – 1 Raju Up Middle – 5 Raju Top – 1 Raju Depth – 7 Raju Height – 14 Raju Volume 343 Raju^3 Scale: Raju/Rajju is a measurement unit. 1 Raju = Infinite Yojan 1 Yojan = 2000 Kos 1 Kos = 2 Miles 1 Mile = 1.64 Km Strange Facts In front of Jain Geography, the principles and discoveries of our science and space become false, because in Jain Geography, the house is considered as a divine plane, whatever nature the house has, that plane will also be of that type, and in the same way in Jain Geography The sun is considered as the plane of heat and the moon as the plane of coolness and an interesting fact about it is that in Jain geography there are two suns and two moons. According to Jainism, man can never go to the Moon or any other planet! Yes, you are listening right, I know that it sounds very different, but it is not a matter that these things are only heard somewhere, this principle is also a reality in Puranas and the map you are seeing above is also Jambudweep. It is from Another special thing in this is that in the middle of Jambudweep, there is Mount Meru, at some distance of which all the things of this universe are present, and according to this, we humans can never reach this sacred plane and all the other things, there is also a solid proof of this. There is a reason which I will tell you later. Yes, I know you will definitely be shocked to hear all this, but it is true and there is also one thing that Jain geography is very different and unique from our modern space science, but I will tell you further in the rest of the information. Who created our Universe according to Jainism No, as per Jainism Universe is eternal. It's neither created nor shall it ever collapse. Now to the question, i.e. what led to the creation (read structure) of the universe ? To keep things simple, we will just concentrate on the middle world where we humans live as it will help us better understand the structure and operations of the universe on the foundations of our current knowledge on the subject. What is outside of the Universe Well, that would define how you describe the universe as. As per Jainism, the universe consists of broadly two regions viz Lokakash and Alokakash 1st region Lokakash is the region that consists of all things made of a material that exhibits the property of Fusion (Pud) and Fission (Gal) which we call matter today. Its this region of the universe that hosts our planet and all other alien habitable planets that support intelligent lifeforms, along with higher and lower planes where demigods and hellish beings reside.

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Hubble's Galaxy Discoveries Our Sun is just one of a vast number of stars within a galaxy called the Milky Way, which in turn is only one of the billions of galaxies in our universe. These massive cosmic neighborhoods, made up of stars, dust, and gas held together by gravity, come in a variety of sizes, from dwarf galaxies containing as few as 100 million stars to giant galaxies of more than a trillion stars. Astronomers generally classify galaxies into three major categories: spiral – like our Milky Way – elliptical, and irregular. Astronomers quickly realized that Hubble had a flaw. Its mirror was slightly the wrong shape, causing the light that bounced off the center of the mirror to focus in a different place than light bouncing off the edge. This “spherical aberration,” about 1/50th the thickness of a sheet of paper, was corrected during the first servicing mission in 1993 with installation of the Corrective Optics Space Telescope Axial Replacement (COSTAR). The result was highresolution imaging as shown in the image of galaxy M100. Since then, all of Hubble’s instruments have had corrective optics built in, eventually making COSTAR unnecessary. It was removed from the telescope in 2009. Hubble was upgraded four more times with improved instruments. The inset image is from Servicing Mission 1 (STS-61, Space Shuttle Endeavor) which took place in December 1993. Astronauts installed COSTAR and replaced Wide-Field Planetary Camera 1 (WFPC1) with Wide-Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2), the first instrument to have the correction built into its optics. The image shows astronauts replacing WFPC1 with WFPC2. Detailed note: The two images of the center of galaxy Messier 100 show WFPC1 and WFPC2 data and demonstrate how well Servicing Mission 1 corrected the mirror flaw. Hubble could now achieve its design specifications. The largest Hubble Space Telescope image ever assembled, this sweeping view of a portion of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) is the sharpest large composite image ever taken of our galactic neighbor. Though the galaxy is over 2 million light-years away, Hubble is powerful enough to resolve individual stars in a 61,000-light-year-long stretch of the galaxy. The Andromeda galaxy is only 2.5 million light-years from Earth, making it a much bigger target in the sky than the myriad galaxies Hubble routinely photographs that are billions of light-years away. The Hubble survey is assembled into a mosaic image using 7,398 exposures taken over 411 individual pointings. The data were taken with the Advanced Camera for Surveys. The lower left inset points out the numerous types of objects seen in the image. The lower right inset is a composite made from a series of ground observations that shows the entire M31 galaxy and the portion imaged by Hubble. This 91-million pixel mosaic of the Whirlpool Galaxy (M51) was released to celebrate Hubble’s 15th anniversary. Beyond the sheer beauty of the image, the details along the spiral arms follow the progression of star formation from dark dust clouds through pink star-forming regions to blue newborn star clusters. Some astronomers believe that the Whirlpool's arms are so prominent because of the effects of a close encounter with NGC 5195, the small, yellowish galaxy at the outermost tip of one of the Whirlpool's arm. The distance to M51 is 23 million light years (7 megaparsecs). This image of the Sombrero Galaxy is one of the first large mosaics produced from the Advanced Camera for Surveys instrument. Combining data from six pointings, the full resolution image contains over 70 million pixels. The Sombrero is cataloged as Messier 104 (M104). The galaxy's hallmark is a brilliant white, bulbous core encircled by the thick dust lanes comprising the spiral structure of the galaxy. As seen from Earth, the galaxy is tilted nearly edge-on. We view it from just six degrees north of its equatorial plane. This brilliant galaxy was named the Sombrero because of its resemblance to the broad rim and high-topped Mexican hat. Sombrero is 28 million light years (9 megaparsecs) away. These two spiral galaxies started to interact a few hundred million years ago, making the Antennae galaxies one of the nearest and youngest examples of a pair of colliding galaxies. Nearly half of the faint objects in the Antennae image are young clusters containing tens of thousands of stars. The orange blobs to the left and right of image center are the two cores of the original galaxies and consist mainly of old stars criss-crossed by filaments of dust, which appear brown in the image. The two galaxies are dotted with brilliant blue star-forming regions surrounded by glowing hydrogen gas, appearing in the image in pink. The image allows astronomers to better distinguish between the stars and super star clusters created in the collision of two spiral galaxies. The Antennae are 62 million light years (19 megaparsecs) away. Galaxy interactions are not always the grand collisions seen in the Antennae galaxies. These two interacting galaxies, called the Rose Galaxy or catalog name Arp 273, have produced less pronounced distortions in each others’ shape. The larger of the spiral galaxies, known as UGC 1810, has a disk that is tidally distorted into a rose-like shape by the gravitational tidal pull of the companion galaxy below it, known as UGC 1813. A swath of blue jewels across the top is the combined light from clusters of intensely bright and hot young blue stars. These massive stars glow fiercely in ultraviolet light. The smaller, nearly edge-on companion shows distinct signs of intense star formation at its nucleus, perhaps triggered by the encounter with the companion galaxy. Some called this picture a “rose” of galaxies, with the upper galaxy as the bloom, and the lower galaxy as the stem. The pair is 340 million light years (105 megaparsecs) away.

LHS 1140b LHS 1140b is an exoplanet that orbits the red dwarf star LHS 1140, which is located in the constellation Cetus, approximately 41 light-years away from Earth. Discovered in 2017, LHS 1140b has garnered significant attention in the field of exoplanet research due to its potential for habitability and its relatively close proximity to our solar system. Here's a detailed explanation of LHS 1140b, including information about its characteristics, atmosphere, and the potential for extraterrestrial life Basic Characteristics: Size and Type: LHS 1140b is a super-Earth, which means it is larger than Earth but smaller than gas giants like Neptune. It has a radius about 1.4 times that of Earth. Orbit: It orbits its host star, LHS 1140, which is a red dwarf star, in the habitable zone. The habitable zone is the region around a star where conditions may be right for liquid water to exist on the surface of a planet, a crucial factor for the potential of life as we know it. 2. Atmosphere of TRAPPIST-1 Exoplanets: Information about the specific composition and characteristics of the atmospheres of the TRAPPIST-1 exoplanets is not fully known. Detecting and characterizing exoplanet atmospheres is a challenging task that requires advanced telescopes and instruments. Astronomers have conducted studies to analyze the potential atmospheres of these exoplanets. The presence of atmospheres would be an essential factor in determining their habitability and potential for hosting life. Habitability Factors: Temperature: LHS 1140b's location in the habitable zone suggests that it may have the right temperatures for liquid water, a key ingredient for life, to exist on its surface. Stable Environment: Being in a stable orbit around a red dwarf star, LHS 1140b is less likely to experience extreme variations in radiation, making it more suitable for habitability. Challenges to Habitability: Red dwarf stars like LHS 1140 are known for their propensity to emit high levels of X-ray and ultraviolet radiation, which can be harmful to potential atmospheres and surface conditions. However, LHS 1140b's proximity to its host star may help protect it from excessive radiation. Search for Extraterrestrial Life: Detecting signs of extraterrestrial life on LHS 1140b would require advanced instruments and observational techniques, including studying the planet's atmosphere for biosignatures such as oxygen, methane, and other chemical imbalances that could indicate biological activity. Upcoming space telescopes like the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) and advanced ground-based observatories will play a crucial role in characterizing exoplanets like LHS 1140b and searching for signs of life. Comparison with Earth LHS 1140b and Earth are two vastly different planets, each with its own unique characteristics. Here's a comparison between the two: Size and Composition: LHS 1140b: LHS 1140b is classified as a super-Earth, meaning it is larger than Earth. It has a radius about 1.4 times that of Earth. Its composition is not well-known, but it is believed to be a rocky planet like Earth. Earth: Earth is a terrestrial planet with a well-documented composition. It has a radius of approximately 6,371 kilometers and is primarily composed of rock and metal. Distance from its Star: LHS 1140b: LHS 1140b orbits its host star, LHS 1140, at a much closer distance than Earth orbits the Sun. This proximity to its star means that LHS 1140b likely has a shorter orbital period, potentially resulting in different climate and weather patterns compared to Earth. Earth: Earth orbits the Sun at an average distance of about 149.6 million kilometers (93 million miles). This distance places it in the habitable zone, allowing for the existence of liquid water and the relatively stable climate conditions that have supported life for billions of years. Host Star: LHS 1140b: LHS 1140b orbits a red dwarf star known as LHS 1140. Red dwarfs are cooler and smaller than our Sun, which can have implications for the conditions on planets orbiting them. Earth: Earth orbits a G-type main-sequence star, which is often referred to as a yellow dwarf. The Sun is much hotter and larger than LHS 1140, providing Earth with a different energy source. Atmosphere and Climate: LHS 1140b: The composition of LHS 1140b's atmosphere is not well-known, but it's a crucial factor for habitability. Its climate and weather patterns would be influenced by its proximity to its star and the composition of its atmosphere. Earth: Earth has a diverse atmosphere primarily composed of nitrogen (about 78%) and oxygen (about 21%), which is essential for supporting life as we know it. Earth's atmosphere plays a critical role in regulating its temperature and climate. Potential for Life: LHS 1140b: LHS 1140b is considered a potentially habitable exoplanet due to its location in the habitable zone. However, the presence of life or conditions suitable for life on LHS 1140b is purely speculative at this point and requires further study. Earth: Earth is the only known planet with confirmed life. It has a rich diversity of life forms, from microorganisms to complex multicellular organisms, including humans. Related Articles....... Dark Energy Multiness of Thoughts The Dream Mission Creation of Mind Loop STAR VFTS102 KEPLER-452b KEPLER-186f Proxima Centauri b

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